The Indian Ocean chikungunya epidemic re-emerged in Thailand in August 2008. Forty-five adults with laboratory-confirmed chikungunya in Songkhla province, Thailand were clinically assessed and serially bled throughout the acute and convalescent phase of the disease. Patient symptoms, antibody responses, and viral kinetics were evaluated using observational assessments, polymerase chain reaction...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of antibody formation to TNF-α blocking agents on the clinical response in AS patients treated with infliximab (IFX), etanercept (ETA), or adalimumab (ADA), and to investigate the development of ANA, ANCA, and anti-dsDNA antibodies in association with the formation of antibodies to TNF-α blocking agents. METHODS Consecutive AS outpatients with active di...

In principle, any method to determine the corrosion rate can be used to test a corrosion inhibitor. The primary criterion for evaluation is the inhibitor efficiency. Inhibitors having sufficiently high efficiency are tested for "side effects," which include environmental compatibility, emulsion formation, viscosity and pour point density. Finally, the inhibitor formulation is tested in the fiel...

purpose: to characterize the histopathologic, electron microscopic and confocal scan features of ahram mineral water (amw)-induced keratopathy in cadaver corneas. methods: seven cadaver globes were examined, five of which were exposed to amw from the corneal side for different durations (30 seconds, 3, 15, 30, and 60 minutes) and the other two were considered as controls. after performing confo...

chromate conversion coating is applied on aluminum 6061. the optimum conditions for chromate bath composition and immersion time are also obtained for standard requirements provision such as corrosion resistance in salt spray test, electrical resistance and coating quality. the applied coatings are electrochemically tested in sea and distilled water. according to tafel and cyclic polarization c...

Abstract: Ever since the evolution of MANETs there has been continuous development in the research endeavors that improve the communication efficiency for the same. Although there has been so much research till date, there are so many of the MANET research issues still prevalent and hindering the smooth communication. One such issue is ambiguity and haste during route formation that not only re...

In this study, mechanical properties and apatite formation ability of synthesized fluorapatite-hardystonite (FA-HT) nanocomposite scaffolds were investigated. Hardystonite (HT; 5 and 10 wt.%) as a reinforcement phase was incorporated into the FA scaffold. FA was mixed with HT for 4 h under argon gas at 220 °C. A space holder method was used for fabricating porous FA-HT scaffolds. Sodium chlorid...

Objective(s): Study and development of antifouling nanosystem for conjugation of drugs were attracting great attention in recent years. The present study aimed to develop novel curcumin-loaded silica nanoparticles containing zwitterionic coating as an antifouling system to provide protein corona free nanoformulations for curcumin. Materials and Methods: Silica nanoparticles were prepared ...

Hydrocarbon Processing Industries (HPIs) emit large amounts of highly reactive hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Oxides to the atmosphere. Such simultaneous emissions of ozone precursors result in rapid and high yields ozone (O3) formation downwind. The climate of the Middle East has been shown to be favorable for O3 formation in summer. There are also vast activities in processing oil and gas in this ...

(In the 3rd of April 2008) and in the morning of (16 April 2008), the temperature reached - 6 ο C in some pistachio gardens of Kerman County especially in Sirjan. The coldness was so high that affected not only on the open flowers but also on bud endings and lop growth, So that the next year product was endangered, as well. In order to study the effect of some treatments and decrease the damage...