In this work, SiO2 –ZrO2 mixed oxides was prepared by the polymeric sol–gel route. The characterization of pore structure, which determines the permeation process of membrane, is of great importance. So far, most investigations have focused on such pore structure as specific surface area and pore size distribution, but the surface fractal, the important parameter reflecting the roughness of por...

Barnsley (2006) used chaos game in function systems and it gave rise to interesting fractals by combining it with function iterations. A fractal fern is generated by taking different probabilities in the chaos game. In this paper, we introduce two advanced iterations from nonlinear analysis into the study of IFS for generation and pattern recognition of new fractal ferns. Gottfried (1991), and ...

many studies suggested that fractals could be brought in any structural anarchy, such as cancers, for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation by quantifying it and expressing it in terms of fractal geometry. in this study, we aimed to evaluate pathologic grades or breast carcinomas by fractal analysis. this cross-sectional study was performed on 60 women with breast ductal carcinoma. from all the pa...

This paper presents the development of an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) monopole antenna with dual band notch characteristics. Modified crown-square shaped fractal slots in the ground-plane are implemented to enhance the impedance bandwidth to around 58% as compared to conventional square monopole antenna without slots. Impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is approximately 114% with Voltage stan...

In this paper, we propose and research a novel miniaturized composite right/left handed transmission line (CRLH TL) cell based on revised complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) for the first time. Novel CRLH TL cell is demonstrated with lower transmission and reflection zeros from electrical and electromagnetic (EM) simulation results. Negative refractive index of CRLH effect is successful...

A growing fatigue crack in metallic materials and structures exhibits multifractal features that inherit signatures of the growth rate behavior material. This study exploits recently established model to quantify characteristic response AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel using an L-shaped bell crank structure. The objective is demonstrate material could be by quantifying fractality crack. fra...

The 2021 Nobel prize for physics was awarded to two climate scientists, Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann, the physicist Giorgio Parisi. While at first sight work of Parisi seems not be related science, this is case. developed contributed many complexity science methods which are nowadays widely used in science. Giorgi also involved development “stochastic resonance” idea explain paleoclimate...

the subject of geometry and proportions has been regarded as an issue which has a close relationship with architecture. since the entire universe, living beings and the human geometry can be seen clearly, that’s why our unconscious essence has accustomed to these proportions whereby reflection of this mentality can be seen in the architect’s hands and thought in the architecture. it can witness...

the ardabil geothermal area is located in the northwest of iran, which hosts several hot springs. it is situated mostly around the sabalan mountain. the sabalan geothermal area is now under investigation for the geothermal electric power generation. it is characterized by its high thermal gradient and high heat flow. in this study, our aim is to determine the fractal parameter and top and botto...

One of the related problems of OCR systems is discrimination of fonts in machine printed document images. This task improves performance of general OCR systems. Proposed methods in this paper are based on various fractal dimensions for font discrimination. First, some predefined fractal dimensions were combined with directional methods to enhance font differentiation. Then, a novel fractal dime...