We present a framework for analyzing the near miss effect in lotteries. A decision maker (DM) facing lottery, falsely interprets losing outcomes that are close to winning ones, as sign success is within reach. As result of this false belief, DM will prefer lotteries induce higher frequency misses, even if underlying probability constant. define index measures induced by given lottery and analyz...

The subconscious influence of framing on perceptions of political issues is well-document in political science and communication research. A related line of work suggests that drawing attention to framing may help reduce such framing effects by enabling frame reflection, critical examination of the framing underlying an issue. However, definite guidance on how to identify framing does not exist...

This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms explaining the so-called framing effect. Experimental research (N = 355) was carried out with a 2 · 2 between-subjects factor design in which the news frame and group cues were manipulated in a news story on the consequences of the increase in immigration in Spain, and their impact on cognitive, attitudinal, and emotional var...

The present study investigated the effect of framing and legal role on the propensity to settle by litigants in simulated legal disputes. Participants were given four different scenarios which factorially combined legal role, plaintiff vs. defendant, and frame, positive or gain vs. negative or loss. Participants also indicated their subjective probability of winning. The results indicated that ...

Abstract Consistent evidence across important domains shows that people’s decisions can depend on the order or emphasis with which attributes of available options are presented to them. We introduce first model such framing effects, we characterize in terms observable behavior. apply study how strategic use attribute affects outcomes negotiations and competition markets. extend stochastic-choic...

Different framing of the same duration (one year, 12 months, 365 days) can influence consumers' impressions of subjective duration, thereby affecting their judgments and decisions. The authors propose that, ironically, self-relevance amplifies this duration framing effect. Consumers for whom a particular self-improvement domain is personally relevant are less lii<ely to adopt a one-year self-im...

In this paper we investigate three hypotheses which are inconsistent with expected utility theory, but may well be explained by prospect theory. More precisely, it deals with framing, the non-linearity of subjective probabilities, and the disposition effect. In addition, we study the correspondence of different experimental risk elicitation methods. Overall, 64 participants traded two assets on...