In the past several decades, maintenance and replacement problems have been extensively studied in the literature. Thousands of maintenance and replacement models have been created. However, all these models can fall into some categories of maintenance policies: age replacement policy, block replacement policy, periodic preventive maintenance policy, failure limit policy, sequential preventive ...

BACKGROUND Interventions have been designed to reduce the prevalence of smoking in college/university students. This review presents a summary and synthesis of the interventions published in English from 1980 to the present. METHODS Seven databases were searched for relevant published articles, and reference lists were examined for additional published studies. The studies were categorized as...

BACKGROUND People with a mental illness experience a higher burden of smoking-related disease. Smoke-free policies in mental health facilities provide an opportunity to reduce smoking-related harms for patients and staff alike. Limited evidence regarding the effect of such policies on preventing smoking in mental health facilities has been reported. The aims of this study are to describe the ex...

OBJECTIVE Smoking is the largest cause of preventable illness in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and many other countries. Smokers with mental illness smoke significantly more than those without mental illness and therefore experience even greater smoke-related harm. Internationally, there is increasing pressure on psychiatric inpatient settings to adopt smoke-free pol...

  A novel optimal single machine replacement policy using a single as well as a two-stage decision making process is proposed based on the quality of items produced. In a stage of this policy, if the number of defective items in a sample of produced items is more than an upper threshold, the machine is replaced. However, the machine is not replaced if the number of defective items is less than ...

East Asia is one of the world's largest tobacco epidemic regions. Although several international studies have evaluated the status of tobacco control in this region, the findings have not been integrated with knowledge on domestic activities at the national and municipal levels. We analysed the current tobacco control situation in three East Asian countries, Japan, China and the Republic of Kor...

BACKGROUND Preventing an epidemic increase in smoking prevalence is a major challenge for developing countries. Ghana, has maintained a low smoking prevalence despite the presence of cigarette manufacturing for many decades. Some of this success may have been contributed by cultural factors and attitudes. We have studied public awareness of health risks, attitudes to smoke-free policy, tobacco ...