To date, no effective adjuvant treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been described, but research in this area is important since the 5-year relapse rate for intermediate- and high-risk early-stage RCC is 30%-40%. Metastatic RCC can be treated successfully with immune therapy and targeted therapy. Adjuvant trials with immune therapy have been conducted, but they reported no benefit in di...

Leishmaniasis is one of the major health problems and categorized as a class I disease (emerging and uncontrolled) by World Health Organization (WHO), causing highly significant morbidity and mortality. Indeed, more than 350 million individuals are at risk of Leishmania infection, and about 1.6 million new cases occur causing more than 50 thousands death annually. Because of the severe...

Although adjuvant therapy has become the standard of care worldwide for resectable localized gastric cancer, geographic differences exist in standard adjuvant treatments: postoperative chemoradiation in North America, perioperative chemotherapy in Europe, and postoperative chemotherapy in East Asia. Global differences in standard surgical methods or study populations may influence the discrepan...

Perineural invasion (PNI) is widely regarded as a negative prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Treatment guidelines recommend adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for patients with adverse pathologic features, including PNI. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature to determine if patients with PNI as their only indication for adjuvant therapy ...

PURPOSE The Southwest Oncology Group/Intergroup 0116 (INT-0116) trial showed that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves survival in high-risk gastric adenocarcinoma patients. This study examined the adoption of adjuvant treatment following the trial results and the factors associated with its use. METHODS AND MATERIALS Between 1996 and 2003, patients aged 18-85 years with resected gastric adeno...

background: the major problem of dna vaccine is less immunogenicity of them verses other killed or live whole organism vaccines therefore adjuvants for use in this kind vaccines is very necessary. genetic adjuvants with bacterial sources are an appropriate approach to modulate immune responses to dna vaccines. listeria monocytogenes proteins such as listeriolysin o (llo) with cd4 and cd8 epitop...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of adjuvant treatment in patients with high-grade meningioma. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for patients with high-grade meningioma, World Health Organization grade 2 or 3, in a single center between 2003 and 2014. The patients were reviewed according to age at diagnosis, sex, the location of meningioma, degree of tumor resection, histolo...

The success of many vaccines relies on their association with selected adjuvants in order to increase their immunogenicity and ensure long-term protection. Propolis is a natural compound, mostly known for its immunostimulatory properties. In this study the adjuvant effects of propolis in combination with formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were evaluate...

Background: Antifertility effect of naturally occuring antisperm antibody (ASA) in infertile couples and studies on experimental immunization of various animals with sperm antigens represents ASA as immunocontraceptive target. Despite extensive research on the effects of different factors on sperm immunogenecity and ASA production variable result have been reported. Objective: To study whole sp...

optimizing the herbicide dose by the addition of adjuvants is an acceptable way to increase performance and to reduce the risk of side effects from herbicides. therefore, to detect a suitable adjuvant for clodinafop-propargyl against little seed canary grass (phalaris minor retz.). greenhouse experiment were conducted as factorial in completely randomized design with four replications for compa...