Snow avalanches and other hazardous geophysical granular flows, such as debris flows, lahars and pyroclastic flows, often impact on obstacles as they flow down a slope, generating rapid changes in the flow height and velocity in their vicinity. It is important to understand how a granular material flows around such obstacles to improve the design of deflecting and catching dams, and to correctl...

The characteristics of submerged flow below vertical gate with sill upstream of horizontal diverging channel reach are analyzed based on experimental investigation. The experimental program is conducted in a laboratory flume with 10 cm wide, 31 cm deep and 3.0 m long. A diverging channel reach with fixed length and constant divergence angle is used. Polygonal sills with constant height, constan...

Roll waves are known to occur in the frictional flow of a thin layer of water down an inclined solid surface. For a layer of constant depth, the formation of these waves on a solid plane with small slope angle have been explained as a hydrodynamic instability occurring above a critical Froude number by analyzing the temporal stability of the constant velocity flow. Here we analyze the linear, s...

Over a large range of Rossby and Froude numbers, we investigate the dynamics of initially balanced decaying turbulence in a shallow rotating fluid layer. As in the case of incompressible two-dimensional decaying turbulence, coherent vortex structures spontaneously emerge from the initially random flow. However, owing to the presence of a free surface, a wealth of new phenomena appear in the sha...

During the last three decades, the introduction of new construction materials (e.g. RCC (Roller Compacted Concrete), strengthened gabions) has increased the interest for stepped channels and spillways. However stepped chute hydraulics is not simple, because of different flow regimes and importantly because of very-strong interactions between entrained air and turbulence. In this study, new air-...

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemahaman konsep bilangan pada anak usia dini melalui model pembelajaran numbered head together. merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kepustakaan atau library research. Hasil analisis yaitu together cara yang tepat untuk menstimulus dini. Model adalah dilakukan dalam kelompok-kelompok kecil. Setiap kelompok kecil mendapatkan nomor berbeda ses...

An experimental investigation on effect of end sill on the performance of stilling basin models for a non circular pipe outlet has been presented in this research paper. New physical models for non circular pipe outlet stilling basin have been developed in the laboratory. These newly models were tested in the laboratory for three Froude numbers namely Fr = 1.85, 2.85 and 3.85. The new models ar...

We studied nine adult horses spanning an eightfold range in body mass (M(b)) (90-720 kg) and a twofold range in leg length (L) (0.7-1.4 m). We measured the horses' walk-trot transition speeds using step-wise speed increments as they locomoted on a motorized treadmill. We then measured their rates of oxygen consumption over a wide range of walking and trotting speeds. We interpreted the transiti...

We present experimental results for the wake structure of spheres moving in homogeneous and stratified fluid. In homogeneous fluid, the results of Kim & Durbin (1988) are confirmed and it is shown that the two characteristic frequencies of the wake correspond to two instability modes, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and a spiral instability. For the stratified wake four general regimes have be...

The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the hydrodynamic profile of young swimmers over a competitive season and to compare the variations according to a well-designed training periodization. Twenty-five swimmers (13 boys and 12 girls) were evaluated in (a) October (M1); (b) March (M2); and (c) June (M3). Inertial and anthropometrical measures included body mass, swimmer's added wat...