The synchronous change in the antral release of gastrin and somatostatin into a vein draining the stomach was studied during acidic and alkaline intragastric pH in six anaesthetised duodenal ulcer patients and six controls after atropinisation. No differences in the basal secretion of gastrin and somatostatin were observed among the two groups. Alkaline as well as acidic intragastric pH had no ...

Helicobacter pylori is associated with hypergastrinemia, which has been linked to the development of gastric diseases. Although the molecular mechanism is not fully understood, H. pylori is known to modulate the Erk pathway for induction of gastrin expression. Herein we found that an epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor kinase inhibitor significantly blocked H. pylori-induced gastrin promoter...

Physiological stimuli from inside and outside the stomach coverage on gastric effector neurons that are the primary regulators of acid secretion. The effector neurons comprise cholinergic neurons and two types of non-cholinergic neurons: bombesin/GRP and VIP neurons. The neurons act directly on target cells or indirectly by regulating release of the hormone, gastrin, the stimulatory paracrine a...

Gastrin is the principal hormonal inducer of gastric acid secretion. Chronic hypergastrinemia, leading to hypersecretion of gastric acid and increased proliferation of parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, has been well described. In contrast, the physiological consequences of chronic gastrin deficiency had been poorly understood until the recent genetic engineering of mouse mutants c...

Serum gastrin levels have been studied in 70 patients with chronically reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as estimated by 51Cr-EDTA clearance, creatinine, and beta2-microglobulin values. A strong dependence upon GFR was found, although the correlation between gastrin levels and GFR was not as high as that between beta2-microglobulin and GFR, indicating the existence of extrarenal factors ...

Oral calcium carbonate (0-5 g, pH 9-4) increased serum gastrin and gastric acid output with slight but insignificant change in serum calcium. A similar rise in serum calcium during an intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate failed to increase serum gastrin and gastric acid output. Both intragastric calcium actions were abolished by acidification of the calcium carbonate solution (pH 1-0). The...

CCK and gastrin stimulate somatostatin (SOM) secretion and thus modulate their direct effects on the parietal cell. Although SOM is stored in D cells of the fundus and antrum, the nature of the cell type differs, and it is not known whether both regions respond to the stimulatory effects of CCK and gastrin. The objectives of the present study were to determine the separate effects of CCK and ga...

LIPSHUTZ,~ILLIAM, AND SIDNEY COHEN. Interaction of gastrin I and secretin on gastrointestinal circular muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 222(3) : 775-781. 1972.-The effect of gastrin I and secretin was studied on the in vitro circular smooth muscle of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), antrum, and pylorus of the opossum. Each muscle was studied at its length of optimal tension development, L,, as dete...

The gastrointestinal hormone gastrin has been shown to stimulate the growth of normal colonie mucosa. To examine for a possible role of gastrin in the proliferation of cultured colon tumor cells, we have studied the effects of two gastrin receptor antagonists, proglumide and benzotript, and of antibodies to gastrin. We find that proglumide (50% effective concentration, 2 to 5 DIM)and benzotript...

A newly synthesized human big gastrin (G34) that was prepared according to the revised structure and that contained less than 3% oxidized methionine residues was compared with synthetic human little gastrin (G17) for acid-stimulating activity and clearance in human subjects. Prolonged infusions of each type of gastrin revealed that the time required to approach stable plasma concentrations was ...