The aim of this investigation was to document the exercise program used by crewmembers (n = 9; 45 +/- 2 yr) while aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for 6 mo and examine its effectiveness for preserving calf muscle characteristics. Before and after spaceflight, we assessed calf muscle volume (MRI), static and dynamic calf muscle performance, and muscle fiber types (gastrocnemius and s...

BAGBY, GREGORY J., WALTER L. SEMBROWICH, AND PHILIP D. GOLLNICK. Myosin A TPase and fiber composition from trained and untrained rat skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 223(6): 1415-1417. 1972.-Myosin ATPase and fiber composition were determined in the gastrocnemius muscle of sedentary, endurance-trained, and sprint-trained rats. The endurance training was running in motordriven wheels 60 min/day ...

OBJECTIVE We studied the effects of loss of ovarian function (ovariectomy) on muscle mass of gastrocnemius and the mRNA levels of IGF-1, atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and myostatin in an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis in rats. METHODS We randomly allocated 24 female Wistar rats (9 weeks, 195.3 ± 17.4 grams) into four groups: control (CT-Sham; n = 6); rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 6); ovariec...

BACKGROUND Subfascial placement of breast implants for augmentation has been advocated as an option that has some of the advantages of both the subpectoral and subglandular approaches while minimizing the disadvantages of each. OBJECTIVE The author reports on the use of the subfascial approach in athletic and thin individuals, including extension of the range of applications for this approach...

BACKGROUND Perforator flaps represent the latest in the evolution of soft-tissue flaps. They allow the transfer of the patient's own skin and fat in a reliable manner, with minimal donor-site morbidity. The powerful perforator flap concept allows transfer of tissue from numerous, well-described donor sites to almost any distant site with suitable recipient vessels. Large-volume flaps can be sup...

ABSTRACT Introduction: Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique that used in the assessment of tissue oxygenation and monitoring physical activity. Objective: To determine influence sexual, anthropometric ergospirometric factors on muscle quadriceps gastrocnemius, obtained by NIRS during stress test. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects participated this study (10 women). Two H...

Hindlimb unweighting (HLU) has been shown to alter myogenic tone distinctly in arterioles isolated from skeletal muscles composed predominantly of fast-twitch (white gastrocnemius) compared with slow-twitch (soleus) fibers. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that HLU would alter myogenic tone differently in arterioles isolated from distinct fiber-type regions within a single skeletal musc...

Damage to peripheral nerve tissue may cause loss of function in both the nerve and the targeted muscles it innervates. This study compared the repair capability of engineered nerve conduit (ENC), engineered fibroblast conduit (EFC), and autograft in a 10-mm tibial nerve gap. ENCs were fabricated utilizing primary fibroblasts and the nerve cells of rats on embryonic day 15 (E15). EFCs were fabri...