We examined the possibility that nonsocial, highly generic concepts are gendered. Specifically, we investigated the gender connotations of Arabic numerals. Across several experiments, we show that the number 1 and other odd numbers are associated with masculinity, whereas the number 2 and other even numbers are associated with femininity, in ways that influence judgments of stimuli arbitrarily ...

Nonautonomous inductive signals from the soma and autonomous signals due to a 2X karyotype determine the sex of Drosophila melanogaster germ cells. These two signals have partially overlapping influences on downstream sex determination genes. The upstream OVO-B transcription factor is required for the viability of 2X germ cells, regardless of sexual identity, and for female germline sexual iden...

BACKGROUND We prospectively studied outcomes of sex reassignment, potential differences between subgroups of transsexuals, and predictors of treatment course and outcome. METHOD Altogether 325 consecutive adolescent and adult applicants for sex reassignment participated: 222 started hormone treatment, 103 did not; 188 completed and 34 dropped out of treatment. Only data of the 162 adults were...

This study investigated the relationships among gender, gender role orientation (i.e., attitudes toward the gendered separation of roles at work and at home), and earnings. A multilevel model was conceptualized in which gender role orientation and earnings were within-individual variables that fluctuate over time (although predictors of between-individual differences in gender role orientation ...

Virtual environments employing avatars for self-representation-including the opportunity to represent or misrepresent social categories-raise interesting and intriguing questions as to how one's avatar-based social category shapes social identity dynamics, particularly when stereotypes prevalent in the offline world apply to the social categories visually represented by avatars. The present exp...

In this cross-cultural study, we primarily aim to present research-based evidence to examine the main gender characteristics associated with socialization. Using the symbolic interaction theory and the socialization theory, this cross-cultuural analysis particularly explores the construction and representation of gender identity through educational systems. The fields of this stu...

This World of Words assignment was an exercise in enhanced lexical analysis and applied analytical thinking. Drawing upon the skills, insights, and research methods rehearsed over a series of short writing assignments, students were asked to compose a five-page analysis of a selected lexeme that examined its past and present histories, as well as its future possibilities. In “The ‘Feminine’ Ide...

This research aims to identify major fields and structures of economics gender based on bibliometric analysis between 1960 2020. The the journals in captures development stages economics. study is growing rapidly as seen increasing number journals, articles citations from 1970s onwards. It grew faster than pace economic publications during 1980–1990s. disciplines largely replicates can be viewe...