Endocrine system can be affected by various organic compounds. The review describes the effects of major industrial solvents on adrenal, thyroid and parathyroid glands in man and experimental animals. Further, their toxicity in pancreas, pituitary, testis and ovary has also been discussed. An attempt has been made to offer a historical and general information on solvent toxicity in endocrine gl...

This short manuscript will briefly present our current knowledge about CNS oxygen toxicity: the clinical manifestations, descriptions and incidence of symptoms, and the time – duration relationship that defines the safety limits and risk factors leading to enhanced toxicity to hyperbaric oxygen. A very general outline will present suggested mechanisms underlying hyperoxia-induced seizures and s...

The toxicities of a series of glycerol mono-, di-, and trialkyl ethers against Vibrio fischeri bacteria have been determined. A systematic study has been carried out and the possible structure–toxicity relationships have been discussed using different QSAR models. Inhibition of bioluminescence after 30 minutes of exposure shows relatively low toxicity of many of the glycerol derived chemicals s...

Neuropathology analyses as end points during nonclinical efficacy and toxicity studies are challenging and require trained personnel and particular equipment to achieve optimal results. Accordingly, many regulatory agencies have produced explicit guidelines for designing and performing neuropathology assessments for nonclinical studies. This compilation of international regulatory guidance for ...

OBJECTIVE To ascertain the annual number of users who were discharged home after visits to the emergency department (ED), grouped by age, sex, and number of visits during the calendar year, and to assess whether a higher number of visits to the department predicted a higher mortality. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study, with follow up of cause specific mortality through a national ...

Tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most destructive pests of tomato in many parts of the world including Iran. The toxicity of emamectin benzoate alone and combined with acetamiprid, eforia (thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalotrin) and hexaflumuron was evaluated against 2nd instar larvae of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) under 25 ± 1 °C, the relative humidity of ...

Silver salts and nanosilver (NS) are the common antimicrobial used in the treatment of chronic wounds, so they are important to assess their dermal toxicity. Therefore, in this study, the possible dermal toxicity of NS particles and silver nitrate (AgNO3), was tested by determining the serum level of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and study on of mouse skin tissue. In this stu...

As a part of general toxicity studies of Enterococcus Faecalis 2001 (EF 2001) prepared using heat-treatment bacillus mort body EF 2001 in mice, this study examined the toxicity of EF 2001 in single and repeated administrations following the previous report in order to apply this product to preventive medicine. The safety of oral ingestion of EF 2001 was examined in 6-week-old male and female IC...

Fullerene C(60) has great potential for use in many industry and medical nanotechnology applications. Although the use of nanomaterials has been increasing in the recent years, limited information about its potential hazardous effects is available. Therefore, safety of nanomaterials is a world concern. Before health effects arise in workers and the general population, development and use under ...