in this paper, a new class of multifunctions, called generalized alpha (mu_{x};mu_{ y} )-continuous multifunctions, has been dened and studied. some characterizations and severalproperties concerning generalized alpha (mu_{x};mu_{ y} )-continuous multifunctions are obtained. the re-lationships between generalized alpha (mu_{x};mu_{ y} )-continuous multifunctions and some known con-ce...

This study aimed to identify differences in wing shape among populations of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides obtained in 23 locations in the semi-arid region of Bahia state (Brazil). Analysis of the Procrustes distances among mean wing shapes indicated that population structure did not determine shape variation. Instead, populations were structured geographically according to wing size. The...

The Mantel-Haenszel test is the most frequent asymptotic test used for analyzing stratified 2 × 2 tables. Its exact alternative is the test of Birch, which has recently been reconsidered by Jung. Both tests have a conditional origin: Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test, respectively. But both tests have the same drawback that the result of global test (the stratified test) may no...

Likelihood ratio (LR) tests for association and for interaction are examined for three-way contingency tables, in particular, the widely used 2 2 K tables. Mutual information identities are used to characterize the information decomposition and the logical relations between the omnibus LR test for conditional independence across K strata and its two independent components, the LR tests for homo...

The aim of this study is to compare the pattern of sex differences between two different sets of dermatoglyphic traits (22 quantitative and 42 indices of diversity and asymmetry). Finger and palmar prints of Turkmenian population (547 individuals) were used for Multivariate analyses includes Cluster, Discriminant and Mantel test of matrix correlations. All variables (two groups) scattered into ...

Mantel et al. showed that the use of intraoperative frozen section analysis of the proximal bile ducts has a limited contribution in obtaining secondary R0 resections and final resection status had no impact on recurrence rate in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. However, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of intraoperative frozen section analysis were determined by the specific pathologic feat...

This paper reviews approximate confidence intervals for some effect parameters common in cancer epidemiology. These methods have computational feasibility and give nearly nominal coverage rates. In the analysis of crude data, the simplest type of epidemiologic analysis, parameters of interest are the odds ratio in case-control studies and the rate ratio and difference in cohort studies. These p...

This study was to use differential item functioning (DIF) analysis to examine if there were items in the Mental, Emotional, and Bodily Toughness Inventory (MeBTough) functioning differently across gender and athletic membership. A total of 444 male (56.3%) and female (43.7%) participants (30.9% athletes and 69.1% non-athletes) responded to the MeBTough items. Using Mantel-Haenszel and SIBTEST m...

The origins of the ancient Egyptian state and its formation have received much attention through analysis of mortuary contexts, skeletal material, and trade. Genetic diversity was analyzed by studying craniometric variation within a series of six time-successive Egyptian populations in order to investigate the evidence for migration over the period of the development of social hierarchy and the...