Introduction: Migraine is a severe kind of headache with the chance hereditary of 50%. Molecular studies can promote understanding of migraine pathophysiology. One of which is bioinformatics approach that could provide additional information related to the identified biomarkers.  Methods: In this research, migraine genes are studies in terms of interaction pattern to introduce important indivi...

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in early host defense against invading pathogens. Recognition of some bacterial pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is mediated by TLR2, 4 and 5 while TLR3 distinguishes double stranded RNA. Interactions between the immune system and female reproductive system have important consequences for fertility and reproductive health....

there are two different co-expression systems including bicistronic; dual-vector or two-promoter to express two different genes simultaneously and also to study protein-protein interactions. bicistronic system has disadvantages e.g. compared with two-promoter system. in this paper, a simple method based on spliced overlap extension by polymerase chain reaction (soe-pcr) technique was demonstrat...

trehalose (a-d-glucosyl-[1,1]-a-d-glucopyranoside) is involved in mechanisms that coordinate metabolism with plant growth adaptation and development. the main objective of the current work was to find out whether trehalose feeding affects the expression of two genes involved in photosynthesis: one gene coding for photosystem1 subunit h (ps1-h) and the other for the light harvesting complex b1 (...

Introduction: One of the vital enzymes during spermatogenesis, which is one of the pluripotency factors of stem cells and contributes to maintaining their pluripotency is alkaline phosphatase. ZBTB16 and ZFP proteins are critical elements in stem cells which are expressed in pluripotent stem cells and maintain their pluripotency due to their role in messaging pathways. Material & Methods: The ...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severely contagious viral disease that mainly affects cloven-hoofedlivestock and wildlife. This study quantifies the cytokines mRNA expression of vaccinated guinea pigs withFMD type O inactivated vaccine. Blood samples were collected from eight guinea pigs at 7 and 28 days after thefirst vaccination. Extracted mRNAs were reverse-transcribed into cDNA and analyz...

the sulfur regulatory circuit of the filamentous fungus, neurospora crassa, consists of a set of unlinked structural genes which encode sulfur catabolic and two major regulatory genes which govern their expression. the cys-3 regulatory gene encode a transacting regulatory protein which activates the expression of cys-14 and ars, whereas the other regulatory genes scon-l and scon-2 appear to act...