The origin of the Earth's lowest geoid, Indian Ocean geoid low (IOGL) has been controversial. predicted from present-day tomography models shown that mid to upper mantle hot anomalies are integral in generating IOGL. Here we assimilate plate reconstruction global convection starting 140 Ma and show sinking Tethyan slabs perturbed African Large Low Shear Velocity province generated plumes beneat...

Sistem GPS ( Global Positioning System ) sudah banyak diaplikasikan, terutama yang terkait dengan aplikasi-aplikasi menuntut informasi tentang posisi. Geoid merupakan permukaan dasar geodesi fisik didefinisikan sebagai ekipotensial berhimpit tinggi laut rata-rata. juga referensi dipakai dalam penentuan orthometrik. Studi kasus diambil pada penelitian ini mencakup seluruh wilayah Pulau Bali. Pen...

The radial viscosity of the mantle is generally thought to increase by ∼10–100 times from upper lower with a putative, abrupt at 660 km depth. Recently, low channel (LVC) between and 1,000 has been suggested. We conduct series time-dependent flow models either increasing or decreasing depth while tracking slab structure, state-of-stress, geoid. find that LVC will amplitude long wavelength (>5,0...

various sources of geodetic, geological and geophysical information can improve our understanding about the crustal density. in this paper we propose a methodology for determination of crustal density based on terrestrial gravity observations, geopotential models, digital terrain models (dtm), geological maps and cross-sections, deep geophysical profiles, and geoid models. the method can be alg...