2014 It has long been a major preoccupation of materials users, whether implied or explicit, to tailor microstructures in order to adapt specific properties for a given application. In this context, the principal aim of the present review article is to consider the fundamental elements of polycrystal microstructures, i.e. the grain boundaries. The paper discusses current understanding of two im...

Absfrucf -Volterra filters are a particular class of nonlinear filters defined by an extension of the concept of impulse response to the nonlinear case. Linear-quadratic filters are a special example of Volterra filters limited to the second order. In the first part of this paper it is shown that all the results recently published, valid in the linear-quadratic case, can be extended with the ap...

We describe some general results that constrain the dynamical fluctuations that can occur in non-equilibrium steady states, with a focus on molecular dynamics. That is, we consider Hamiltonian systems, coupled to external heat baths, and driven out of equilibrium by non-conservative forces. We focus on the probabilities of rare events (large deviations). First, we discuss a PT (parity-time) sym...

In petroleum industry, during production, the vertical effective stress in the reservoir increases as the pore pressure decreases from few hundreds to few tens bar; in average the horizontal effective stress increases as well, but at a lower rate along an oedometric path, favoring shear stress and reservoir depletion; a complex geology induces locally a variety of stress paths between the two e...

A sequence of Ca K images obtained in a period of minimum solar activity , from July to November 1996, at the Rome Observatory with the PSPT (Precision Solar Photometric Telescope) prototype instrument have been used to analyze the geometrical properties of cells identiied by the chromospheric network. In particular , we used 256 256 sub-arrays of the calibrated full disk PSPT images. These sub...

Maslov indices in periodic-orbit theory are investigated using phase space path integral. Based on the observation that the Maslov index is the multi-valued function of the monodromy matrix, we introduce a generalized monodromy matrix in the universal covering space of the symplectic group and show that this index is uniquely determined in this space. The stability of the orbit is shown to dete...

E. B. Araújo, A. A. Moreira, H. J. Herrmann, 2 L. R. da Silva, and J. S. Andrade Jr. Departamento de F́ısica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici 60451-970 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil Computaional Physics for Engineering Materials, IfB, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland Departamento de F́ısica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970 Natal, R...

In this research DFT/B3LYP method has been employed to investigate the geometrical structures,relative stabilities, and electronic properties of Cun (n=3–10) clusters for clarifying the effect of sizeon the properties. Through a careful analysis of the successive binding energies, second-orderdifference of energy and the highest occupied-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps as afunct...

The use of edge based refinement in general, and Delaunay terminal edge refinement in particular are well established for planar meshing, but largely on a heuristic basis. In this paper, we present a series of theoretical results on the geometric mesh improvement properties of these methods. The discussion is based on refining a mesh to meet a specified angle tolerance.

We present experimental and theoretical results for geometrical properties of 2D packings of disks. We were mainly interested in the study of mixtures with disk size distribution which are of more practical interest than equal disks. Average geometrical properties, such as packing fraction or coordination number do not depend on the composition of the mixture, contrary to what would be expected...