The critical distinction between the technical potential to improve fuel economy and how much of that technical potential is realized .. Summary The Global Fuel Economy Initiative was launched in early 2009. It set a target of improving the average fuel economy (in litre/100km terms) for the global vehicle light-duty vehicle fleet by at least 50% by 2050 (50by50). In terms of miles per gallon t...

the direct torque control (dtc) of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (ipmsm) offers simple structure and fast torque response. the conventional switching table-based dtc (st-dtc) presents some disadvantages like high torque and flux ripple and also variable switching frequency. this paper investigates the improved st-dtc strategies to reduce both torque and flux ripple in dtc of ipmsm...

In this paper I examine the question whether physicians have a legal and ethical duty to sustain pregnancies of women who die during the first or second trimester by the delivery of their fetuses. One ground for such a duty, on which I am focusing, is the duty of "special relationship" between the mother and the fetus. In my paper, I claim that the special relations the pregnant woman and the f...

Analysis of reports about incidental and accidental events in nursing care were made using a reliability engineering method. Unnatural working hours, such as evening duty, night duty falling next to a holiday, two consecutive night-duty shifts, and two consecutive evening-duty shifts were major factors in the occurrence of errors. In a mixed-division ward (a ward containing patients belonging t...

A wide-range all-digital duty-cycle corrector (ADDCC) with output clock phase alignment is presented in this paper. The proposed ADDCC can correct the duty-cycle error of the input clock to 50% duty-cycle. The acceptable duty-cycle range and frequency range of input clock is from 20% to 80% and from 250MHz to 1GHz, respectively. The proposed ADDCC is implemented on a standard performance 65 nm ...

Most of sensor MAC protocols have a fixed duty cycle, which performs poorly under the dynamic traffic condition observed in eventdriven sensor applications such as surveillance, fire detection, and objecttracking system. This paper proposes a traffic-aware MAC protocol which dynamically adjusts the duty cycle adapting to the traffic load. Our adaptive scheme operates on a tree topology, and nod...

Vaccines have saved millions of lives and reduced the severity many infections, but today reduction in vaccine coverage has been reflected resurgence epidemics mumps, whooping cough, measles chickenpox. This happened because people do not recognize effectiveness vaccination fear side effects, other words, main concern is safety vaccines. As a consequence, greater responsibility individual respe...

In this work, Duty Cycled Sensor Multi Channel (DC-SMC) Medium Access Control (MAC) has been proposed for wireless sensor networks. The DC-SMC MAC uses a dedicated control channel and multiple data channels. The effective solution for the multi channel hidden terminal problem and missing receiver problem has been proposed in this work. The performance of the DC-SMC MAC has been compared with th...

The phrase "duty of care" is, at best, too vague and, at worst, ethically dangerous. The nature and scope of the duty need to be determined, and conflicting duties must be recognized and acknowledged. Duty of care is neither fixed nor absolute but heavily dependent on context. The normal risk level of the working environment, the healthcare worker's specialty, the likely harm and benefits of tr...