Models predict that global warming may increase aridity in water-limited ecosystems by accelerating evapotranspiration. We show that interactions between warming and the dominant biota in a grassland ecosystem produced the reverse effect. In a 2-year field experiment, simulated warming increased spring soil moisture by 5-10% under both ambient and elevated CO2. Warming also accelerated the decl...

With increase in global warming, the problems of hyperthermia have recently attracted worldwide medical attention. Deaths due to heat-related illnesses in large number of human population in recent years are now recognised as a great social and medical problem. Interestingly, details of mechanisms involved and probable therapeutic measures have still not been worked out and thus require further...

In coastal environments, evaporation is an important driver of subsurface salinity gradients in marsh systems. However, it has not been addressed in the intertidal zone of sandy beaches. Here, we used field data on an estuarine beach foreshore with numerical simulations to show that evaporation causes upper intertidal zone pore-water salinity to be double that of seawater. We found the increase...

Phosphorus can be removed from wastewater biologically, chemically, or through a combination of the two. In this study, we applied environmental life-cycle assessment to develop a metric with which decision-makers can compare processes. Two phosphorus-removal scenarios were contrasted-one based on a desktop-level design and one based on full-scale operational data. To achieve 0.5 mg/L effluent ...

probably a change in living conditions. Even in the poorest US communities, most people now live and work in airconditioned buildings, or are at least protected by insect screens. In addition, the spacing of houses and other buildings has increased because modern urban areas have evolved around the motor vehicle. As a result, population density is much lower than in the past, a major impediment...

Previous reports from laboratory-controlled experiments and models considered that a shorter reproductive period could be the main reason for wheat yield reduction in the warmer world. However, this conclusion needs to be proved carefully by field-scale experiments. In this study, a field-scale continuous open-warming experiment was conducted to quantify the adjustment of winter wheat growth an...

The Arctic sea ice cover is in decline. The areal extent of the ice cover has been decreasing for the past few decades at an accelerating rate. Evidence also points to a decrease in sea ice thickness and a reduction in the amount of thicker perennial sea ice. A general global warming trend has made the ice cover more vulnerable to natural fluctuations in atmospheric and oceanic forcing. The obs...

———————————————————————————————Abstract Given the emphasis of saving the Earth against the effect of global warming, green technology has become mandatory in every aspect of life today. Green computing is the study and practice of using computing resources efficiently so as to reduce CO2 emission. This paper is an attempt to comprehend the awareness of green computing among the students of Univ...

While several thousand square kilometers of land area have been subject to surface mining in the Central Appalachians, no reliable estimate exists for how much coal is produced per unit landscape disturbance. We provide this estimate using regional satellite-derived mine delineations and historical county-level coal production data for the period 1985-2005, and further relate the aerial extent ...

Sensitivity experiments using a coupled model initialized from analysed atmospheric and oceanic observations are used to investigate the potential for interannual-to-decadal predictability. The potential for extending seasonal predictions to longer time scales is explored using the same coupled model configuration and initialization procedure as used for seasonal prediction. It is found that, d...