Isolated bone cells demonstrate cell-type specific responses to glucocorticoids. Osteoclast-like (OC) cells exhibit a large decrease in basal hyaluronate synthesis at physiological doses of glucocorticoids and resistance to further inhibition by pharmacological doses up to 10(-4) M. This effect is not accompanied by decreases in protein synthesis. In contrast, osteoblast-like (OB) cell metaboli...

In the companion report we used primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes to demonstrate that glucocorticoids comprise a “classn of compounds that stimulate de novo synthesis of a form of cytochrome P-450 (P45opCN) indistinguishable from that induced by the nonhormonal steroid pregnenolone 16a-carbonitrile (PCN). Because induction of P45opCN is stereospecific for glucocorticoids and is depen...

Due to the high affinity of new inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) towards the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and because of the similarities between the binding domains of the GR and the progesterone receptor (PR), the present study focused on assessing the relative binding affinities (RBA) of glucocorticoids (systemic and ICS) to PR (RBAPR). By comparison with the affinities towards the GR (RBAGR) ...

Glucocorticoids play a key role in metabolic adaptation during stress. The major metabolic function of glucocorticoids is to preserve plasma the glucose levels that serve as the major energy source for the brain [1]. Therefore, glucocorticoids antagonize the ability of insulin to suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis and promote glucose utilization in white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle [...

Metabolic syndrome is growing in importance with the rising levels of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome shares many characteristics with Cushing's syndrome, which has led to investigation of the link between excess glucocorticoids and metabolic syndrome. Indeed, increased glucocorticoids from intracellular regeneration by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type ...

Occupational exposures to glucocorticoids are still a neglected issue in some work environments, including pharmaceutical plants. We developed an analytical method to quantify simultaneously 21 glucocorticoids using UPLC coupled with mass spectrometry to provide a basis to carry out environmental monitoring. Samples were taken from air, hand-washing tests, pad-tests and wipe-tests. This paper r...

The molecular mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects of glucocorticoids are poorly understood. We report here that hippocampal neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is a crucial mediator. Chronic mild stress and glucocorticoids exposures caused hippocampal nNOS overexpression via activating mineralocorticoid receptor. In turn, hippocampal nNOS-derived nitric oxide (NO) significantly downr...

Clinical and experimental studies suggest that the growth-restricted fetus at increased risk of impaired cardiovascular function that likely contributes to both increased mortality rate and in survivors, to cardiovascular dysfunction apparent in childhood and later life. Fetal growth restriction is also associated with a high risk of preterm birth. Accordingly, the growth-restricted fetus is mo...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (KS-IRIS) and mortality, with the use of glucocorticoids in HIV-infected individuals. DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 145 individuals with HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma receiving antiretroviral therapy. The association of different...

BACKGROUND A systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were performed to assess the efficacy and safety of preoperative intravenous glucocorticoids versus controls for the prevention of postoperative acute pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS A computer literature search of electronic d...