Diglycosidases are endo-?-glucosidases that hydrolyze the heterosidic linkage of diglycoconjugates, thereby releasing in a single reaction disaccharide and aglycone. Plant diglycosidases belong to glycoside hydrolase family 1 associated with defense mechanisms. Microbial exhibit higher diversity—they families 3, 5, 55—and play catabolic role. As diglycoconjugates widespread environments, so mic...

Our lead iminosugar analog called UV-4 or N-(9-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin inhibits activity of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) α-glucosidases I and II and is a potent, host-targeted antiviral candidate. The mechanism of action for the antiviral activity of iminosugars is proposed to be inhibition of ER α-glucosidases leading to misfolding of critical viral glycoproteins. These misfolded glycop...

Chegeni, Mohammad. Ph.D., Purdue University, May 2015. Dietary Carbohydrates Influence the Structure and Function of the Intestinal α-Glucosidases. Major Professor: Bruce R. Hamaker. As the primary products of starch digestion by pancreatic α-amylase, maltooligosaccharides (including maltose) are the main substrates for the α-glucosidases at the intestinal brush border. Here, maltose was shown ...

AIMS Soils are rich, diversified environments where β-glucosidases abound because of their importance in organic matter degradation. The aim of this work was to discover new β-glucosidases by constructing two metagenomic DNA libraries from soil samples collected in winter and spring from a field of winter wheat. METHODS AND RESULTS Both libraries were screened on esculin-supplemented medium s...

In previous studies from this laboratory [ 1,2], an oligosaccharide transferase activity was demonstrated in thyroid rough microsomes: the membranous enzyme catalyzes the transfer of oligosaccharides from exogenously supplied oligosaccharide lipids to the asparagine residue of synthetic Asn-X-Thr containing peptide acceptors. This transferase was also recently described in hen oviduct [3], rat ...

The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of an aqueous extract and compounds from the aerial parts of V. corymbosa was demonstrated with yeast and rat small intestinal α-glucosidases. The aqueous extract inhibited yeast α-glucosidase with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 28.6 μg/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of several compounds, including o...

Cell suspensions of the model legume Medicago truncatula accumulated the isoflavonoid phytoalexin medicarpin in response to yeast elicitor or methyl jasmonate (MJ), accompanied by decreased levels of isoflavone glycosides in MJ-treated cells. DNA microarray analysis revealed rapid, massive induction of early (iso)flavonoid pathway gene transcripts in response to yeast elicitor, but not MJ, and ...

Many of the proteins that are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum are glycosylated with the addition of a 14saccharide core unit (Glc,Man,GlcNAc,) to specific asparagine residues of the nascent polypeptide. Glucose residues are then removed by endoplasmic reticulum-located glucosidases, with diglucosylated and monoglucosylated intermediates being formed. In this study, we used a cell-fr...

In the Northern Adriatic Sea, extracellular enzymatic activity was measured during a Lagrangian study following a drifting buoy for 40 h. Dissolved free enzymatic activity represented 20 to 70% of total activity depending on the type of enzyme. aand P-glucosidases exhibited a significantly higher free activity than proteolytic enzymes. In subsequent laboratory experiments we investigated the ef...