Pancreatic islets secrete hormones that play a key role in regulating blood glucose levels (glycemia). Age-dependent impairment of islet function and concomitant dysregulation of glycemia are major health threats in aged populations. However, the major causes of the age-dependent decline of islet function are still disputed. Here we demonstrate that aging of pancreatic islets in mice and humans...

OBJECTIVE To relate the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-determined lipoprotein profile, conventional lipid and apolipoprotein measures, and in vitro oxidizibility of LDL with gender and glycemia in type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the 1997-1999 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Intervention and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) cohort, serum from 428 wo...

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. Recently, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors that protect incretin hormones from being cleaved by DPP-IV have been used as drugs to control glycemia. This study examined the potential hypoglycemic effect of amaranth grain storage protein hydrolyzates to control postprandial glycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mi...

BACKGROUND Ethanol's ability to inhibit gluconeogenesis might reduce postprandial glycemia in realistic meal settings. OBJECTIVE The objective was to explore the effect of 3 types of alcoholic beverages consumed alone, with a meal, or 1 h before a meal on postprandial glycemia in healthy subjects. DESIGN In study 1, isoenergetic (1000 kJ) servings of beer, white wine, and gin were compared ...

Basal insulin is the first and main component of therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Based on shortcomings human NPH advantages provided by long-acting basal analogues, they are recommended for priority use T2DM. The leading factor success titration its dose achievement target range glycemia. Data from clinical trials real practice indicate that simpler algorithms ensure b...

The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) is the largest ever study to clarify the role of glycemia and blood pressure control in improving morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study examined the impact of glycemia and blood pressure control on microvascular and macrovascular risk, and if any particular therapy was advantageous for these patients. This artic...

This is the first of a series of articles based on presentations at the American Diabetes Association Scientific Sessions held 5–9 June 2009 in New Orleans, Louisiana. A series of elegant investigations some 4 decades ago led to the realization that elevated levels of certain hemoglobin components are found in individuals with diabetes (1). The useful measurement of A1C became standard in asses...