Modern cricetids originated in Asia and dispersed into Western Europe by the end of early Miocene, where they quickly became major components rodent faunas. Here we review Miocene record genera Democricetodon Fahlbusch, 1964 Megacricetodon Vallès-Penedès Basin (Catalonia, Spain). is represented four species studied sites (D. hispanicus Freudenthal, 1967, D. cf. decipiens (Freudenthal & Daam...

BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is seen in many settings such as free flap salvage and limb replantation/revascularization. The consequences-partial/total flap loss, functional muscle loss, or amputation-can be devastating. Of the treatment options available for IR injury, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is the most beneficial. HBO inhibits neutrophil-endothelial adhesion through interferen...

7. Cook, J. R. 1968. The cultivation and growth of Euglena, in Buetow, D. E., ed., The Biology of Euglena, Academic Press, New York 1, 243-314. 8. Cooper, T. G. & Beevers, H. 1969. P-oxidation in glyoxysomes from castor bean endosperm. J . Biol. Chem. 244, 3514-20. 9. Cramer, M. & Myers, J. 1952. Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Euglena gracilis. Arch. Mikrobiol. 17, 384-402. 10. Da...

Understanding metabolism in live microalgae is crucial for efficient biomaterial engineering, but conventional methods fail to evaluate heterogeneous populations of motile microalgae due to the labelling requirements and limited imaging speeds. Here, we demonstrate label-free video-rate metabolite imaging of live Euglena gracilis and statistical analysis of intracellular metabolite distribution...

Plumbagin, isoshinanolone, epishinanolone, shinanolone, quercetin and kaempferol were isolated from the leaves of Nepenthes gracilis. Spectral data of shinanolone are presented.

Previous studies have shown that Rhodotorula gracilis is capable of forming large quantities of fat under suitable conditions (Enebo et al., 1946; Pan et al., 1949; Steinberg and Ordal, 1954a). It also has been demonstrated that growth and fat formation takes place in two distinct phases (Enebo et al., 1946). Steinberg and Ordal (1954a, 1954b) have studied the fattening phase in some detail; ho...

We show the positivity or negativity of truncated correlation functions in the quantum XY model with spin 1/2 (at any temperature) and spin 1 (in the ground state). These Griffiths-Ginibre inequalities of the second kind generalise an earlier result of Gallavotti.

abstract background: rehabilitation of facial paralysis is one of the greatest challenges faced by reconstructive surgeons today. the traditional method for treatment of patients with facial palsy is the two-stage free gracilis flap which has a long latency period of between the two stages of surgery. methods: in this paper, we prospectively compared the results of the one-stage gracilis flap m...