the current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of consciousness training on reducing anxiety and depression of first and second female graders in high school. it used a quasi-experimental research method. moreover, it utilized cluster randomized sampling; hence, the high schools were randomly selected from the city of ilam. beck and zong anxiety questionnaires were administered among 1...

the purpose of this study is to examine the relation of bilateral friendship, acceptance of peers, self-concept and social adjustment with the academic achievement of secondary prep school female third graders in isfahan. the statistical population for this study comprised all the secondary prep school female third graders in isfahan studying in public school in the academic years of 2001-2002....

Poor handwriting is a core deficit in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). In a previous study, we compared the evolution of cursive letters handwriting in a girl with DCD throughout her second-grade year with that of typically developing (TD) children. We found that her handwriting evolved much less than that of TD children and remained similar to that of pre-schoolers at all stages, sug...

Over the past decades, researchers have explored the relationship among home resources, school environment, and students’ mathematics achievement in a large amount of studies (Coleman, 1966; Greenwald, Hedges & Laine, 1996; Hampden-Thompson & Johnston, 2006; Mullis et al., 2012). Many of them suggested that rich home resources for learning were related to higher average academic achievement. So...

The ability to understand and generate hierarchical structures is a crucial component of human cognition, available in language, music, mathematics and problem solving. Recursion is a particularly useful mechanism for generating complex hierarchies by means of self-embedding rules. In the visual domain, fractals are recursive structures in which simple transformation rules generate hierarchies ...

A medical school general pathology course has been reformatted into a K-12 general pathology course. This new course has been implemented at a series of 7 to 12 grade levels and the student outcomes compared. Typically, topics covered mirrored those in a medical school general pathology course serving as an introduction to the mechanisms of diseases. Assessment of student performance was based ...

There is no consensus on how the enactment effect (EE), although it is robust, enhances memory. Researchers are currently investigating the cognitive processes underlying this effect, mostly during adulthood; the link between EE and crucial function identified in adulthood such as episodic memory and binding process remains elusive. Therefore, this study aims to verify the existence of EE in 6-...

Researchers and program evaluators would often like to use a particular instrument, but do not because it is too long or would require too much testing time. Having a validated set of objective procedures for reducing the size of an instrument could improve many research and evaluation efforts. This paper reports the results of test reduction or shortening procedures devised and used in the dev...

The Intelligent Essay Assessor is commercial software that grades essays as accurately as skilled human graders. It was used to critique senior officers’ papers in both the Army’s and Air Force’s Command and General Staff Colleges. The Army Research Institute has supported development of this software, which understands the meaning of written essays. Automatic essay scoring is well-suited to di...