The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) is a complex of at least 15 genetically different host races that are native to specific legume plants, but can all develop on the universal host plant Vicia faba. Despite much research, it is still unclear why pea aphid host races (biotypes) are able to colonize their native hosts while other host races are not. All aphids penetrate the plant and salivate in...

Plants are the essential factors shaping soil microbial community (SMC) structure. When most studies focus on the difference in the SMC structure associated different plant species, the variation in the SMC structure associated with phylogenetically close species is less investigated. Legume (Fabaceae) and grass (Poaceae) are functionally important plant groups; however, their influences on the...

Multi-environment trials play a significant role in selecting the best cultivars to be used at different locations. The objective of this study was to identify grain and forage yields stability of grass pea advanced lines across different locations. The 14 advanced lines of grass pea, developed by the International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), were tested at three dif...

In this study, the potential for a collection of wild-type L. lactis strains to metabolize breakdown products lignocellulose was investigated. The strains, isolated from variety environmental sources including grass and vegetables, were analyzed their ability ferment pentose sugars cellulolytic ability. total, 21 environment-derived evaluated. Eleven isolates found have commonly produced by bre...

The response of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Avola) to arbuscular micorrizal fungi (AM) species Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Viciae, strain D293 regarding growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixing activity was studied. Pea plants (Pisum sativum cv. Avola) were grown in a glasshouse until flowering stage (35 days) in 4 kg plastic pots using leached cinnamonic for...

Although most land plants are hosts for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a small number of plant families are arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) nonhosts. There are indications that strigolactone levels in root exudates of AM nonhost plants are lower than in AM host plants, and it has been shown that in the strigolactone-deficient rms1 mutant (ccd8) of the AM host plant pea, the AMF colonization of...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches causes up to 80 % crop loss in pea (Pisum sativum). Aphanomyces euteiches invades the root system leading to a complete arrest of root growth and ultimately to plant death. To date, disease control measures are limited to crop rotation and no resistant pea lines are available. The present study aims to get a deeper understanding of the earl...

A bacterial isolate, Alcaligenes sp. secreting phytase (EC 3.1.3.8), was isolated and characterized. The optimum conditions for the production of phytase included a fermentation period of 96 h, pH 8.0, and the addition of 1% (w/v) maltose and 1% (w/v) beef extract to the culture medium. This enzyme was purified to homogeneity and had an apparent molecular mass of 41 kDa. The optimum pH range an...

A major goal in evolutionary biology is to uncover the genetic basis of adaptation. Divergent selection exerted on ecological traits may result in adaptive population differentiation and reproductive isolation and affect differentially the level of genetic divergence along the genome. Genome-wide scan of large sets of individuals from multiple populations is a powerful approach to identify loci...

Newly generated plant tissue is inherently sensitive to infection. Yet, when pea (Pisum sativum) roots are inoculated with the pea pathogen, Nectria haematococca, most newly generated root tips remain uninfected even though most roots develop lesions just behind the tip in the region of elongation. The resistance mechanism is unknown but is correlated spatially with the presence of border cells...