N2O production from denitrification in soils contributes to the enhanced greenhouse effect and the destruction of the stratospheric ozone. Ungulate grazing affects denitrification and the production of N2O. The short-term effect of grazing on denitrification and N2O production has been examined in several grassland ecosystems. However, the effects of long-term grazing have rarely been studied. ...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of providing shade on growth performance, welfare, and meat quality of grazing sheep under high ambient temperature. A total of 120 healthy male Ujumqin wool sheep (a local breed; BW = 18.7 ± 1.27 kg; 14 wk old) were randomly and equally divided into shaded and unshaded treatments with 3 pens per treatment. Sheep were grazed on an unshaded pastur...

OBJECTIVE Develop a computer simulation model that uses daily meteorological data and farm management practices to predict populations of Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia (Ostertagia) circumcincta and the evolution of anthelmintic resistance within a sheep flock. Use the model to explore if increased refugia, provided by leaving some adult sheep untreated, w...

I . Rates of disappearance of glucose from ligated loops of small intestine in lambs, adult sheep and young rats were studied. The concentration of glucose in the lumen decreased exponentially with time, suggesting that within a range of concentrations of 166-277 m-moles/l glucose was absorbed mainly by passive diffusion. 2. The rate of absorption of glucose from a 166 mM-solution based on eith...

three grass species, agropyron desertorum (agde) and agropyron elongatum (agel) and recently, bromus tomentellus (brto) are mainly used for range improvement as mixed seeding in semi-arid areas of iran. because there is little information about management of these grasses, this study was conducted at the sisab research station in northern iran to evaluate their responses to grazing management a...

The effect of protection from sheep grazing on indigenous plant species in relatively mesic, strongly modified Poa cita grassland, was examined using paired grazed and ungrazed sites. Ungrazed sites, fenced at times ranging from four to more than 24 years ago, had fewer species, lower indigenous cover and lower tussock density than adjacent grazed sites. The dominance of adventive species, part...

One important area for which little experimental evidence is available is the snowgrass country. There is a strong body of opinion that in the snowgrass the combined effects of fire and grazing have been responsible for deterioration in vegetative cover and stability. It seems likely that changes in the boundari~s between the snowgrass and fescue communiti~s have been due to, or aggravated by, ...

Traditional knowledge about the behavior of grazing livestock is to disappear. Shepherds well know that sheep follows non-random patterns. As a novel alternative seeking behavioral patterns, this study quantified activities two flocks Churra breed (both in same area but separated by 10 years) based on Global Position System (GPS) monitoring and remote sensing techniques. In first period (2009-1...

Goats in pens eat about 20% more of a low quality feed than do sheep. This higher intake is just sufficient to match the higher maintenance energy requwment of the goats, so, in reality, they are not more suited to an existence on low quality feeds There is little difference between goats and sheep in the extent to which they digest and utilise feeds. It is clear that goats will eat more browse...