Four experiments are reported, the aim of which was to explore the achromatic-colour and distance relations that determine the probability of achromatic surfaces grouping perceptually. The first two experiments were performed to test Wertheimer's conjecture that similarity and dissimilarity of achromatic colours jointly determine grouping. The results indicate that only similarity of achromatic...

In this paper, main components of a workkow system that are relevant to the cor-rectness in the presence of concurrency are formalized based on set theory and graph theory. The formalization which constitutes the theoretical basis of the correctness criterion provided can be summarized as follows: Activities of a workkow are represented through a notation based on set theory to make it possible...

In this paper, main components of a workkow system that are relevant to the cor-rectness in the presence of concurrency are formalized based on set theory and graph theory. The formalization which constitutes the theoretical basis of the correctness criterion provided can be summarized as follows: Activities of a workkow are represented through a notation based on set theory to make it possible...

The authors investigated whether the gestalt grouping principles can be quantified and whether the conjoint effects of two grouping principles operating at the same time on the same stimuli differ from the sum of their individual effects. After reviewing earlier attempts to discover how grouping principles interact, they developed a probabilistic model of grouping by proximity, which allows mea...

Grouping in vision can be seen as the process that organizes image entities into higher-level structures. Despite its importance, there is little consistency in the statement of the grouping problem in literature. In addition, most grouping algorithms in vision are inspired on a specific technique, rather than being based on desired characteristics, making it cumbersome to compare the behavior ...

The term perceptual grouping is associated with classical principles such as similarity and proximity. This article reports induced perceptual grouping, a phenomenon that occurs when placement of a uniform set of items near a structured set induces grouping within the otherwise uniform set. For example, when items grouped pair-wise by similarity are placed near another set of unstructured items...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Grouping of musical sounds 3.1. Perceptual fusion and separation of spectral components 3.1.1. Harmonicity 3.1.2. Onset and time-varying synchronicity 3.2. Auditory continuity effects 3.3. Grouping of rapid sequences of tones 3.3.1. Grouping by pitch proximity 3.3.2. Grouping by timbre 3.3.3. Grouping by temporal proximity 4. Grouping of tone sequences from differ...

temperature restrictions on aqueous effluents dictate that streams with a temperature higher than the permitted level needed to pass through cooling systems to reduce the effluent temperature before discharge. in this study, by considering the grouping design rules based on pinch technology, an optimum design for a distributed effluent cooling system, has been developed. a counter-flow wet cool...