There is evidence that cattle grazing in forests limits big cat abundance. concern, too, about competition with wild ungulate prey through bottom-up effects on vegetation. Hence, there have been calls to remove or control forest livestock aid of restoring endangered large carnivores and their prey. To help inform scientific debate decision making, we explored cattle-vegetation-prey dynamics Nor...

genetic improvement programs may improve disease resistance in animal production. the best-characterized genetic control of disease resistance and immune response in animals is the one associated with the major histocompatibility complex (mhc). the ovine lymphocyte antigenof drb1 gene encodes cell surface glycoproteins that initiate immune responses by presenting processed antigenic peptides to...

The production and proper utilization of medicinal plants in natural habitats need to review and identify the natural conditions and climate of the habitat of these plants and separating them from harmful and poisonous plants. The current study was aimed to introduce and determine the distribution of medicinal plants from Lamiaceae family in Mazandaran province as well as the introduction of na...

Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are among the most culturally and economically important large mammal species in Alaska. Due to their low population growth rates and relatively high degree of sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic disturbance, resource management decisions must be carefully evaluated to ensure sustainable populations. In this study we combined data collected from 124 GPS...

The Finnish red list shows that the epiphytic lichen flora of forests is highly threatened and declining steeply. Red lists provide limited information on habitat associations species, which could be relevant in informing management conservation measures. We used documented empirical data expert assessments to determine for each red-listed (IUCN categories Near Threatened, NT; Vulnerable, VU; E...

It has long been suggested that birds select habitat hierarchically, progressing from coarser to finer spatial scales. This hypothesis, in conjunction with the realization that many organisms likely respond to environmental patterns at multiple spatial scales, has led to a large number of avian habitat studies that have attempted to quantify habitat associations at multiple scales. Typically, m...

Exploitation of wild relatives of crop plants to a large extent depends on the efficient use of germplasm resources available in natural habitat and the centre of diversity. The mulberry, sole food for silkworm is cultivated for the production and development of silkworm industry. Four species of mulberry viz., M. indica L., M. alba L., M. laevigata Wall., and M. serrata Roxb., are reported in ...