Varroa destructor (Anderson and Truman) trapped on bottom boards were assessed as indirect measurements of colony mite populations and mite fall in colonies of Russian and Italian honey bees using 29 candidate measurements. Measurements included damaged and nondamaged younger mites, damaged and nondamaged older mites, fresh mites and all mites, each as a proportion of total mites in the colonie...

In general antibiotics interact cooperatively with host defences, weakening and decreasing the virulence of microbial pathogens, thereby increasing vulnerability to phagocytosis and eradication by the intrinsic antimicrobial systems of the host. Antibiotics, however, also interact with host defences by several other mechanisms, some harmful, others beneficial. Harmful activities include exacerb...

Pesticides are commonly used to control weeds, diseases, and pests in soybean crops, although natural enemies also key components of integrated pest management programs protecting from pests. The predatory mite Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark & Muma is found soybeans associated with tetranychid mites. We determined the compatibility some pesticides Brazilian fields N. on basis their lethal sub-le...

Increasing evidence that low-level exposure to toxic agents induces beneficial effects indicates the need to examine if and how the current EPA reference dose (RfD) derivation process could take this phenomenon into account. This paper examines conditions that affect how the RfD process could incorporate chemically induced beneficial effects while preventing toxic responses. Incorporation of be...

Can beneficial ends justify morally questionable means? To investigate how monetary outcomes influence the neural responses to lying, we used a modified, cheap talk sender-receiver game in which participants were the direct recipients of lies and truthful statements resulting in either beneficial or harmful monetary outcomes. Both truth-telling (vs lying) as well as beneficial (vs harmful) outc...

most women want to know about possible consequences radiology, radioisotope or even television terminal. because knowing about them, prevent from fear. fetus is inevitably placed to some types of radiation. environmental radiation occurs from atmosphere, soil and buildings. total radiation above, ingested and possibly inhaled radioisotopes probably is seventy five-thousandth to one-tenth of ram...

background: being exposed to house dust mites intensifies atopic dermatitis. this study has investigated the con­tamination rate with dermatophagoides mites in patient's residential home with atopic dermatitis. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 40 patients took part with atopic dermatitis (positive or negative for mites by prick dermal test). samples were collected from 3 locations (livin...