Objective(s) In this study we investigated the expression of GABAA receptor subunits during brain development. These receptors may change in the embryonic chick forebrain. Materials and Methodes The expression levels of four types of GABAA receptor gamma subunits (γ1, γ2, γ3 and γ4) were quantified in the embryonic chick forebrain at 32 hr, 3, 7, 14, and 20 days of incubation and day one aft...

Doncaster and Shepherd (1) reported that hatching of eggs of Heterodera rostochienis Woll. was preceded by larval movement, by purposeful and accurate stylet thrusts which cut a slit at the end of the egg shell, and by forward body thrusts of the larva which forced the slit open and allowed it to escape. We crushed in distilled water 30 cysts of H. iri Mathews found in association with creeping...

Hatching plasticity occurs in response to a wide range of stimuli across many animal taxa, including annelids, arthropods, mollusks, and chordates. Despite the prominence of echinoderms in developmental biology and more than 100 years of detailed examination of their development under a variety of conditions, environmentally cued hatching plasticity has never been reported in the phylum Echinod...

By employing the technique of induced ovulation for artificial fertilization, inter-specific hybrids between the threatened catfish species (Mystus cavasius x M. seenghala) were produced. Fertilization, hatching and survival were significantly different between control and hybrids. The hatching time of the hybrid was significantly lower than that of the control. The average performance viz., ha...

Deep learning models are found to be vulnerable adversarial examples, as wrong predictions can caused by small perturbation in input for deep models. Most of the existing works image generation try achieve attacks most models, while few them make efforts on guaranteeing perceptual quality examples. High examples matter many applications, especially privacy preserving. In this work, we develop a...

Synopsis Incubation temperature plays a prominent role in shaping the phenotypes and fitness of embryos, including affecting developmental rates. In many taxa, including turtles, eggs are deposited in layers such that thermal gradients alter developmental rates within a nest. Despite this thermal effect, a nascent body of experimental work on environmentally cued hatching in turtles has reveale...