in order to improve the level of intelligence, availability, being on demand, convenience, information and humanization of rural public transportation systems, they are more willing to use modern information and communicative technologies. in addition to management services, intelligent transportation systems can provide passengers, drivers, travel agencies and other institutions with other ser...

Civilian populations are at risk from exposure to toxic materials as a result of accidental or deliberate exposure. In addition to industrial hazards, toxic agents designed for use in warfare now are a potential hazard in everyday life through terrorist action. Civil emergency medical responders should be able to adapt their plans for dealing with casualties from hazardous materials (HazMat) to...

OBJECTIVE To determine core temperature (Tc) elevations in hazardous materials (HazMat) technicians wearing level-A fully encapsulated, chemically resistive suits (FECRSs) during training scenarios. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational feasibility study with Institutional Review Board approval. SETTING HazMat training scenarios held during the summer of 1994. Weather conditions included bo...

We study robust network design problems for hazardous materials transportation considering risk uncertainty. Risk uncertainty is considered in two ways: (1) uncertainty on each link for each shipment, and (2) uncertainty on each link across all shipments. We extend an existing heuristic framework to solve these two robust network design problems and propose a Lagrangian relaxation heuristic to ...

This paper describes the causal relationships between students’ problem-solving effectiveness (i.e. reaching a correct solution) and strategy (i.e. approach) and multiple contextual variables including experience, gender, classroom environment, and task difficulty. Performances of the IMMEX problem set Hazmat (n~33,000) were first modeled by Item Response Theory analysis to provide a measure of...

In this paper, we present an interactive, case-based approach to crisis response that provides users with the ability to rapidly develop good responses while allowing them to retain ultimate control over the decisionmaking process. We have implemented this approach in INCA, an INteractive Crisis Assistant for planning and scheduling in crisis domains. INCA relies on casebased methods to seed th...

Natural hazards are the underlying cause of between 1 and 7 percent federally reported hazmat releases in US every year. During period from 1990 through 2019 fraction caused by natural has increased, large part due to increased hurricanes as well floods, storms wind. Many these events minor, but some have resulted expensive deaths, injuries, evacuations. Inter annual variability is correlated w...