Distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes/subgenotypes is geographically and ethnologically specific. In the Indonesian archipelago, HBV genotype C (HBV/C) is prevalent with high genome variability, reflected by the presence of 13 of currently existing 16 subgenotypes. We investigated the association between HBV/C molecular characteristics with host ethnicity and geographical distributi...

Blood samples (n=544) from two different populations (Pygmies and Bantus) in Cameroon, West Africa, were analysed. Serological tests indicated that the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in Bantus (20.3 %) was higher than that in Pygmies (2.3 %, P<0.0001), whereas the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers was equally high in both populations: in total, 9.4, 17.3 and 8...

Recent studies suggested that the fraction of CG dinucleotides (CpG) is severely reduced in genome severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The CpG deficiency was predicted to be adaptive response virus evade degradation viral RNA by antiviral zinc finger protein specifically binds nucleotides. By comparing all representative genomes belonging genus Betacoronavirus, this st...

results a plasmid construct, including sequences from the hbv genome and from the human gene htert, was generated as an isomolar multi-standard for hbv quantitation and normalization to the cellular contents. the specificity of the real-time assay for the cccdna was assessed using dane particles isolated on a density gradient. a comparison of liver tissue from 6 untreated and 6 treated patients...

Cytidine deaminases inhibit replication of broad range of DNA viruses by deaminating cytidines on single stranded DNA to generate uracil. While several lines of evidence have revealed HBV genome editing by deamination, it is still unclear which nucleic acid intermediate of HBV is modified. Hepatitis B virus has a relaxed circular double-stranded DNA (rcDNA) genome that is reverse transcribed wi...

Approximately 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), despite four decades of effective HBV vaccination. During chronic infection, forms two distinct templates responsible for viral transcription: (1) episomal covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA and (2) host genome-integrated templates. Multiple ubiquitous liver-specific transcription factors recruited onto the...

BACKGROUND Methylation of CpG islands of genome DNA and lysine residues of histone H3 and H4 tails regulates gene transcription. Inhibition of polyamine synthesis by ornithine decarboxylase antizyme-1 (OAZ) in human oral cancer cell line resulted in accumulation of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM), which acts as a competitive inhibitor of methylation reactions. We anticipated that ac...

DNA methylation is essential for normal development, cellular differentiation and tissue-specific gene expression [1]. In differentiated mammalian cells, DNA methylation occurs almost exclusively at cytosine bases located 5’ to a guanine, in a CpG dinucleotide. The distribution of DNA methylation across the genome is non-random. Most of the CpGs located in the genome are dispersed throughout th...

successful clearance of hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a promising event in which host's immune system will attempt to get rid of the virus. the immunological events of hbsag seroclearance have attracted great attention in both natural history investigations and therapeutic trials. recent genome-wide association studies (gwas) has confirmed polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (hla)-dp locu...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded transcription factor Zta (BZLF1, ZEBRA, EB1) is the prototype of a class of transcription factor (including C/EBPalpha) that interact with CpG-containing DNA response elements in a methylation-dependent manner. The EBV genome undergoes a biphasic methylation cycle; it is extensively methylated during viral latency but is reset to an unmethylated state following ...