Critical Review of the Current Approaches to Spiritual Education for Children with an Emphasis on Islamic Teachings M. Kiyaani M. Mehrmohammadi, Ph.D. A.R. Saadeghzaadeh Ghamsari, Ph.D. M. Nozari, Ph.D. A historical review of spiritual education for children reveals three main outlooks on the relationship between religion and spirituality upon which approaches to spiritua...

In his article "Silence, the Utmost in Ambiguity" Mario Perniola presents a historical perspective on the meanings and development of the term "ambiguity" from ancient Greek to the modern age. Perniola's perspective is not a review of different approaches and schools of thought; instead, he presents an alternative philosophical and aesthetic discourse he counter-poses to modern and contemporary...

disciplined inquiry about problems of organization and management requires decision to be taken about an appropriate research deign. in making such a decision, the researcher tacitly assumes a philosophical point of view or a research paradigm. there are four research paradigms which are the basis for the selection of research methodology and research methods. these paradigms include: a) positi...

In this paper I will defend the view that, according to Locke, secondary qualities are dispositions produce sensations in us. Although is widely attributed interpretation needs defending for two reasons. First, commentators often assume that dispositional properties because Locke calls them “powers” sensations. However, primary also powers, so powers locution insufficient grounds justifying dis...

It has been argued that positivist and constructivist ontologies are irreconcilable. According to LINCOLN and GUBA (2000), positivism’s "naive realism" holds that reality is both "real" and "apprehendable," whereas constructivism maintains that meaning is generated by individuals and groups. This analysis implies that the quantitative and qualitative methodologies associated with positivism and...