OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic review of the evidence on characteristics of community health workers (CHWs) and CHW interventions, outcomes of such interventions, costs and cost-effectiveness of CHW interventions, and characteristics of CHW training. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Collaboration resources, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature for stu...

Governments have been thrust to the forefront of health care reform efforts as growth in government health care costs was faster than growth in all other sponsor sectors in 1991. In the business sector, real health care costs per worker have risen 65 times faster than real wages and salaries per worker during the past 26 years. Households continue to devote 5 percent of income after taxes to he...

Total Worker Health (TWH) was introduced and the term was trademarked in 2011 by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to formally signal the expansion of traditional occupational safety and health (OSH) to include wellness and well-being. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and other databases using keywords TWH, health promotion, health protection, and variants for artic...

We designed, implemented and evaluated a 48-hour training program for community health workers (CHWs) deployed to diabetes care teams in community health centers (CHCs). The curriculum included core knowledge/skills with diabetes content to assist CHWs in developing patient self-management goals. Our qualitative evaluation included pre/post-knowledge outcomes and encounter data from the field. ...

includes employer-based health care, where there couldn’t be an exclusion for preexisting conditions. There are the existing government programs, Medicare, Medicaid. Part of the money, if we get the version we are looking for, would be to help States cover everybody for Medicaid. Then the third thing, this would be new and would include a robust public option. The public option would be a progr...

rior to 1900, a worker who was disabled by inPdustrial injury or accident could obtain recompense only through lawsuits based on either common law or, in some jurisdictions, employers' liability statutes. Under common law, the plaintiff had to prove the employer's negligence and this, coupled with several other factors, militated greatly against the worker. Thus, there was a reluctance on the p...

Is it safe for HCWs to be vaccinated during pregnancy? Yes. Pregnant women in occupations with a high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (e.g., HCWs who have a potential for exposure to blood) should be vaccinated. Hepatitis B vaccine contains no components that have been shown to pose a risk to the fetus at any time during gestation. An acute (or chronic) HBV infection in a pregnant wom...

In this book, Steven Kelman of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government compares the behavior of two government agencies with similar missions: the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in the United States and the Arbetarskyddsverket or Worker Protection Board in Sweden. As James Q. Wilson notes in a preface, Kelman emerges with a paradox: in "[t]he United States, that pre-eminent commer...

TECHNOLOGICAL ECONOMIC constraints, and changing DEVELOPMENT, expectations about ownership of, and compensation for, intellectual property, challenge librarians to demonstrate more forcefully the value of their contributions to their institutions. Knowledge work in the library setting is defined as the development of products and services designed to meet client information needs. In an academi...