To observe the influence of intestinal microbes on energy metabolism, male ICR strain germ-free (GF) mice, gnotobiotic (GB) mice, produced from GF mice monocontaminated with Staphylococcus epidermidis (Staph.) at three weeks of age, and conventional (CV) mice were used. Metabolizable energy, heat production and net energy (gain) per mouse were measured for three weeks when the mice were given 5...

A one-year field study compared the conventional 250W IR heat lamp with an energy-efficient 175W radiant heat lamp for swine farrowing operations. The energy-efficient heat lamp showed a $36 annual cash savings per unit (assuming $0.10/kWh electricity); a 1.2% absolute reduction in piglet mortality from birth to weaning (5.0±0.28% vs. 6.2±0.44%) (P<0.01); a 45% lower lamp failure rate (18±4% vs...

The authors analyse the performance and device physics of nitride laser diodes that exhibit the highest room-temperature continuous-wave output power. The analysis is based on advanced laser simulation. The laser model self-consistently combines band structure and freecarrier gain calculations with two-dimensional simulations of wave guiding, carrier transport and heat flux. Material parameters...

Heavy weight pigs tend to deposit greater quantities of fat than protein. To work around this situation, ractopamine has been used in the finishing stage. In environments with moderate temperatures, ractopamine in pig diets in the finishing phase may increase rates of weight gain and improve feed efficiency without affecting feed intake. Ractopamine increases needs of pigs in terms of lysine, p...

In this work a modular low cost RF-amplifier system is presented, based on AlGaN/GaN-HFETs on 111-Si, hybrid integrated on PCB, consisting of single stage and balanced amplifier modules. 50 Ohm matching of the modules is realized with the use of commercial available SMDcomponents, allowing to cascade the individual modules. Depending on the setup of the system, either the total RFoutput power o...

This study investigated the effects of dietary resveratrol at 0, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg of diet on the performance, immune organ growth index, serum parameters, and expression levels of heat shock protein (Hsp) 27, Hsp70, and Hsp90 mRNA in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen of 42-d-old female black-boned chickens exposed to heat stress at 37 ± 2°C for 15 d. The results showed that heat ...