We have investigated the crystallization kinetics of Cu50Zr50 metallic glass thin films using nanocalorimetry. The crystallization process is growth-controlled during heating and nucleation-controlled during cooling, resulting in different critical heating and cooling rates to suppress crystallization. Measurements over a wide range of scanning rates (13 K/s to 21,000 K/s) reveal that crystalli...

We investigated the synergetic effect between light-emitting diode (LED) lighting efficiency and building energy savings in heating and cooling using an alternative thermal operating system (ATOS) of indoor LED lighting integrated with the ventilation system of a building as an active cooling device. The heat generated from LED lighting and the indoor lighting illuminance were experimentally de...

heating and sudden cooling are among the most important processes affecting temper quality in the production period of tempered auto glass. in this study, heat transfer characteristics and cooling times during the sudden cooling process of tempered glass production have been experimentally investigated. flat glass with dimensions of 50x50x4 mm has been heated up to 680 ºc in the furnace and was...

Integrated energy systems utilizing renewable sources are sustainable and environmentally substitutes for conventional fossil-fired energy systems. A new multigeneration plant with two inputs, such as biomass and solar energy, and four useful outputs, such as cooling, heating, power, and distilled water, is presented and investigated in this paper. The proposed system includes evacuated tub...

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of heating and cooling the forearm muscles on renal vascular responses to ischemic isometric handgrip (IHG). It was hypothesized that heating and cooling the forearm would augment and attenuate, respectively, renal vascular responses to IHG. Renal vascular responses to IHG were studied during forearm heating at 39 degrees C (n = 15, 26 ...

This paper provides the first estimates of end-use specific emissions factors, which are estimates of the amount of a pollutant that is emitted when a unit of electricity is generated to meet demand from a specific end-use. In particular, this paper provides estimates of emissions factors for space cooling and heating, which are two of the most significant end-uses. The analysis is based on a n...

This paper presents detailed information about testing and validation of cooling and heating coil models. The work has been carried out under Subtask D of the International Energy Agency’s SHC Task 34/ECBCS Annex 43 (Testing and Validation of Building Energy Simulation Tools). The goal of this Subtask (Mechanical Equipment and Control Strategies) was to develop and test methods that would help ...