The term "spotty liver disease" (SLD) has been used since the late 1990s for a condition seen in the UK and Australia that primarily affects free range laying hens around peak lay, causing acute mortality and a fall in egg production. A novel thermophilic SLD-associated Campylobacter was reported in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2015. Subsequently, similar isolates occurring in Australia were form...

Patients with ulcerative colitis are at risk for colon cancer and frequently have microsatellite instability, which, in turn, is usually associated with inactivation of transforming growth factor (TGF) signaling. TGF1 deficiency in mice can lead to colon cancer that is preceded by precancerous lesions having submucosal inflammation and hyperplastic crypts. Germ-free TGF1-deficient mice are free...

Patients with ulcerative colitis are at risk for colon cancer and frequently have microsatellite instability,which, in turn, is usually associated with inactivation of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta signaling. TGF-beta1 deficiency in mice can lead to colon cancer that is preceded by precancerous lesions having submucosal inflammation and hyperplastic crypts. Germ-free TGF-beta1-deficient...

Acute diarrheal illness is a global health problem that may be exacerbated by concurrent infection. Using Citrobacter rodentium, a murine model of attaching and effacing diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, we demonstrate that persistent Helicobacter hepaticus infection modulates host responses to diarrheal disease, resulting in delayed recovery from weight loss and from tissue damage. Chronic colit...

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is due in part to interactions between the immune system, genetics, the environment, and endogenous microbiota. Gonadal sex hormones (GSH), such as estrogen, are thought to be involved in the development of IBD as variations in disease severity occur during pregnancy, menopause, or oral contraceptives...

Abstract Barrier tissues such as the skin and gut are host to a variety of microbes collectively termed microbiota. To maintain homeostasis, sufficient exposure microbiota is necessary, however, diseases Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), have been described occurring amidst breakdown in normal communication between microbe. Fundamentally, IBD disease aberrant immune activation epithelial barrie...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is caused in part by a dysregulated immune response to the intestinal flora. The common interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23p40 subunit is thought to be critical for the pathogenesis of IBD. We have analyzed the role of IL-12 versus IL-23 in two models of Helicobacter hepaticus-triggered T cell-dependent...