Hepatitis B Virus is partially double standard DNA virus. It a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus and member viral family Hepadnaviridae. This virus induces chronic liver infection known as hepatitis which can finally leads to damage. Viral contagious it may transmit via blood transfusion, parental routes, contaminated body fluids like saliva semen. The current study was designed determine ...

Today, chronic viral hepatitis is considered as a public health problem in the world. Totally, 5% of the world population, especially in Asia and Africa suffer from this problem. The prevalence of acute hepatitis in America is 0.1-0.2 percent, 50% of those with hepatitis C (HCV) and 5-10% of them with hepatitis B (HCV) develop chronic hepatitis. Determining HBV and HCV genotypes is important to...

conclusions in our study, only hbv genotype d was found among all the positive hbsag and occult hbv infection. moreover, high prevalence (40.7%) of occult hbv infection was determined among patients suffered from cryptogenic cirrhosis. results eleven (40.7%) out of 27 hbv cryptogenic cirrhosis and all 11 hbsag-positive patients were positive for hbv dna. the seroprevalences of hepatitis b virus...

A renal transplant recipient became persistently positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV) despite preexisting anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) antibodies. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of wild-type (wt) and mutant HBs antigens (Ags) were compared. In contrast to wt HBsAg, genetic vaccination with mutant HBsAgs did not induce anti-HBs. Thus, mutations within HBsAg may enable HBV to escape immuno...

We describe 2 patients who were initially positive for antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen and who experienced a strong and sudden increase of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We found that reactivation of HBV replication during HAART can occur independently of lamivudine resistance or withdrawal of lamivudine, and in spite of increa...

We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccination among 40 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with isolated positivity for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen. No baseline factors were found to be predictive of an anamnestic response, which occurred in 32.5% of the patients. The overall response rate among patients without an anamnestic response was 74.0% after...

AIM Hepatitis A is among the diseases that can be prevented with vaccination in our time. Acute hepatitis A progresses more severely in individuals with a liver disease. Therefore, patients with a chronic liver disease (because of hepatitis B or hepatitis C) are advised vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine. This study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antib...

Drug addicts represent a high risk group for acquiring parenterally transmitted viral infections like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is very likely that an injecting drug user (IDU) infected with HIV will also be infected with HBV and/or HCV because of common high risk behaviours. Amritsar being border city, is a seat of international...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies in Sanaa, and other governorates of Yemen. METHODS By systematic review with meta-analysis we collected the research performed in different governorates of Yemen during the period 2000--2005. This included the published papers (peer reviewed), and the papers presented at Yemeni...