eterotopia is the presence of tissues that are not normally found in the area. The most important of these is heterotopic or aberrant pancreatic tissue, which is a rare congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. It is usually asymptomatic and commonly encountered at autopsy or surgery in 2-10% of cases1,2 especially in the gastric antrum. Other reported locations include ileum, Meckel's ...

OBJECTIVE An important premise for obtaining diagnostically relevant histology specimens is an appropriate biopsy technique. Goal of this study was to determine if biopsies of adequate quality can be obtained from the canine esophagus at the gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) during routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over the course of one year, 58 dogs undergoing up...

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract seems to be the organ in body; however, its lumen is external environment because opening from mouth and anus. Moreover, it cannot thought of place where there are more than 1,000 species 100-trillion numbers microorganisms as an internal environment. Many multicellular animals including humans’ separates between by special tissues called epithelia. Barrier functions...

The gastrointestinal tract is a complex ecosystem that associates a resident microbiota and cells of various phenotypes lining the epithelial wall expressing complex metabolic activities. The resident microbiota in the digestive tract is a heterogeneous microbial ecosystem containing up to 1 x 10(14) colony-forming units (CFUs) of bacteria. The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in n...

Congenital oesophageal stenosis caused by heterotopic cartilage and other tracheobronchial structures in the oesophageal wall is a very rare condition. The first case was described by Frey and Duschl in 1936, and only 16 further cases have been reported since that date. We report two further cases of the anomaly. The first, like the majority described previously, was an isolated defect in an ot...

Ectopic pancreas, a rare entity, is defined as pancreatic tissue lying outside its normal location without anatomical or vascular connections with the pancreas proper. Most occurrences of heterotopic pancreas are located in the stomach wall, duodenum, small intestine or anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to describe the endoscopic, endosonographic (EUS) and radiol...

A 46-year-old Chinese woman presented with nausea, recurrent vomiting, and abdominal pain. Gastroduodenal endoscopic examination revealed an oval-shaped submucosal tumor at the prepyloric area on the posterior wall of the stomach. A degenerated gastrointestinal stromal tumor was suspected. Distal gastrectomy was performed and a histological diagnosis of heterotopic pancreas (HPs) was confirmed....

The etiology and histogenesis of granular cell tumor are still debated. Granular cell tumor of the newborn is considered to be a different entity than the adult form of this lesion with different immunohistochemical features. We present a case of a rare gingival granular cell tumor in a newborn and review the literature. Gingival granular cell tumor must be clinically differentiated from terato...