Micrographs of mouse liver gap junctions, isolated with detergents, and negatively stained with uranyl acetate, have been recorded by low-irradiation methods. Our Fourier-averaged micrographs of the hexagonal junction lattice show skewed, hexameric connexons with less stain at the threefold axis than at the six indentations between the lobes of the connexon image. These substructural features, ...

CHECKERBOARD codes are two-dimensional binary codes that are designed to satisfy specific constraints [1], [2]. An example is the two-dimensional rectangular binary arrays that satisfy the (d, k) run-length constraint— there are at most k 0’s and the number of 0’s between any neighboring 1’s is at least d in each row and column [3]–[7]. It may naturally arise from data storage on a surface [8],...

We have investigated the temperature dependence of the H parallel to c flux line lattice structural phase transition from square to hexagonal symmetry, in the tetragonal superconductor LuNi2B2C ( T(c) = 16.6 K). At temperatures below 10 K the transition onset field, H2(T), is only weakly temperature dependent. Above 10 K, H2(T) rises sharply, bending away from the upper critical field. This con...

We prove that the q-state Potts antiferromagnet on a lattice of maximum coordination number r exhibits exponential decay of correlations uniformly at all temperatures (including zero temperature) whenever q > 2r. We also prove slightly better bounds for several two-dimensional lattices: square lattice (exponential decay for q ≥ 7), triangular lattice (q ≥ 11), hexagonal lattice (q ≥ 4), and Kag...

The local structure of ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, an archetypal strongly correlated electron system that displays a metal-insulator transition around 160 K, has been investigated via pair distribution function (PDF) analysis neutron and x-ray total scattering data. rhombohedral-to-monoclinic structural phase manifests as abrupt change on all length scales in the observed PDF. No monocl...

A photonic crystal-based TE to TM polarization converter for integrated optical communication is proposed in this paper. The photonic crystal consists of air circular-holes in slab waveguide. The radius of holes are determined to be 291nm having lattice constant of 640nm using the gap map and band diagram. The polarization converter is composed of an InGaAsP triangular-shaped waveguide on SiO2 ...

We realize an experimental control over the topological stability of three-lobe discrete vortex solitons by modifying the symmetry of a hexagonal photonic lattice optically induced in a photorefractive crystal. By continuously deforming the lattice wave in one transverse direction, we manipulate the coupling between lattice sites and induce or inhibit the reversal of soliton vorticity.

We prove that the q-state Potts antiferromagnet on a lattice of maximum coordination number r exhibits exponential decay of correlations uniformly at all temperatures (including zero temperature) whenever q > 2r. We also prove slightly better bounds for several two-dimensional lattices: square lattice (exponential decay for q 7), triangular lattice (q 11), hexagonal lattice (q 4), and Kagom e l...