Alternating current preheating (ACP) of lithium-ion batteries has the advantage a high heating rate while inhibiting lithium plating. Two strategies based on terminal voltage control and full battery impedance were proposed to simplify ACP implementation. However, such either severely compromise or induce non-negligible To maximize ensuring no plating, an method anode potential is developed usi...

Electromigration and thermomigration reliability of Sn96.5%Ag3.0%Cu0.5 (SAC305 by weight) solder joints under alternating current is studied experimentally with the maximum current density from 2.1 10 A/cm to 1.76 10 A/cm, and frequency from 100 kHz to 4 MHz. During the experiment, hot spots are observed at current crowding corners and the skin layer of solder joints. As a result, highly locali...