Background. The sensation of a wide vagina is a common problem for women after childbirth. As its etiology is unknown, there is no uniform management strategy. We hypothesized that, rather than vaginal laxity, the cause was level 3 pelvic support deficiency. Methods. This retrospective study compared preoperative and postoperative genital hiatus length, perineal length, and total vaginal length...

Objective : An attempt was made to compare the detection of cervical abnormalities between the use of a cotton swab and a Cervex brush in mass cancer screening. Study Design : Of 15,664 women who participated in a cervical cancer screening program in 2002, 8,366 women underwent Cervex brush sampling and 7,298 underwent cotton swab screening to compare the detectability of dysplasia and cancer i...

This paper analyses the results of diagnostic swabs taken from children seen at a pertussis contact clinic between December, 1950, and April, 1952. Two new diagnostic techniques entailing contaminating swabs by cough, which were developed during this period, yielded a high percentage of positive cultures. A preliminary communication on one of these new techniques was published when the initial ...

The morphology and physiology of both the vulva and vagina undergo characteristic age-related changes over a lifetime. At birth, these tissues exhibit the effects of residual maternal estrogens. During puberty, the vulva and vagina mature under the influence of adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones. During the reproductive years, the vagina responds to ovarian steroid hormone cycling, and both t...

BACKGROUND Acién's hypothesis, deduced from patients with malformations of the female genital tract, especially those with renal agenesis and ipsilateral blind hemivagina, affirms the embryology of the human vagina as deriving from the Wolffian ducts and the Müllerian tubercle and could explain the embryological origin of all the female genital malformations reported. In this study, we investig...

OBJECTIVE Studies on the development of the embryological and fetal development of the cervix and the vagina are rare and mostly go back to the first decades of the last century. The aims of this review were to present the latest knowledge concerning the developmental origin of cervical and vaginal epithelium and to point out new results in the context of different clinical findings. MATERIAL...