Abstract Ischemic brain injuries are accompanied by the long-term changes in gene expression hippocampus, limbic system structure, involved regulation of key aspects higher nervous activity, such as cognitive functions and emotions. The altered genes proteins encoded them may be related to development post-ischemic psycho-emotional disturbances. Activation neuroinflammation following stroke hip...

introduction hippocampus is a well-defined brain region involved in learning and memory. in spite of the existing reports on hippocampal-dependent memory impairment due to noise stress, to our knowledge, there is no study on the effect of noise stress on the size of hippocampus. the present study aimed to investigate the likely effects of chronic noise exposure on learning and the size of rat h...

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk 300 species syngnathiform fishes known as 2017, using IUCN Red List criteria. This order bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes seadragons (family Syn...

Background Western diet (WD) is a type of nourishment based on ultra-processed foods, rich in simple sugars and saturated fats. Long-term consumption WD may lead to disruption insulin signaling development resistance. It supposed that resistance probable risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim this study was verify hypothesis wild mice by checking the effect initiation propagation ma...

adult neurogenesis is a process of producing nerve cells from their progenitor that occurs in some areas in the brain such as the hypothalamus. low activity in this area plays a role in neural degeneration and diseases such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and depression. ms is a neurodegenerative disease with a permanent disability that the main reason for it is axonal degeneration and neuronal...

objective(s):the hippocampus has been implicated in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. prenatal stress is a contributing risk factor for a wide variety of neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. this study examined long-term effects of prenatal restraint stress on the stereological parameters in the cornu ammonis (ca) of adult male rats as an animal model of schizophrenia. materials a...

objective(s): there are few reports have demonstrated the effect of a change-in-light experience on the structure and function of hippocampus. a change-in-light experience also affects the circadian pattern of melatonin secretion. this study aimed to investigate developmental effect of exogenous melatonin on synaptic plasticity of hippocampus of light deprived rats. materials and methods: the e...

in the present study, the effects of intra-hippocampal microinjections of morphine (an opioid agonist) and naloxone (an opioid antagonist) were investigated in the formalin-induced orofacial pain in rats. orofacial pain was induced by subcutaneous injection of formalin (1 %, 50 μl) in the upper lip region and the time spent of face rubbing was measured in 3-min blocks for 45 min. formalin induc...

the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin as an antioxidant on spatial navigation memory in male diabetic rats. thirty-two male white wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into four groups, randomly: control, melatonin, diabetic and melatonin-treated diabetic. experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg kg-1 streptozotocin. melatonin...

background the hippocampus is responsible for memory. a diet full of antioxidants improves brain damage and cognitive function. regard the antioxidant effects of zingiber officinalis (ginger) and its flavonoids components. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the extract of ginger on memory by using hippocampus tissue of the male offspring of rats. materials and method...