Mantle convection patterns of the past are not well known, yet an understanding of changing mantle convection characteristics i fundamental to understanding the evolution of plate tectonics. There are very few ways to examine mantle characteristics of the past. Changes in spreading rate and volcanic activity with time have been used to draw conclusions about historic changes in mantle activity....

Nondestructive testing (NDT) of historic structures can be used for architectural archaeology, structural stability analysis, or materials characterization. Four types of physical probes are available: sound, penetrating radiation, visible light, and electromagnetism. Each of these can be utilized in several ways. Additional options involve hybrid techniques that combine probe methods. Widespre...

1 In this work we consider the mobility of personal online identifiers. People change the identifiers through which they are reachable on-line as they change jobs or residences or Internet service providers. This kind of personal mobility makes reaching people on-line error-prone. As people move, they do not always know who or what has cached their now obsolete identifiers so as to inform them ...

Wood is one of the earliest and most common building materials on the planet. However wood also quickly decays under normal service conditions, and thus the repair of historic structural elements pose a difficult challenge to preservation professionals who aim to also preserve the authenticity of the element. Since the 1970s, numerous studies have looked at the use of epoxy with respect to hist...

Agricultural pesticide contamination of sediments from five Mississippi Delta oxbow lakes and their effects and bioavailablity to Hyalella azteca were assessed during a low-application season-autumn. Three reference oxbow lakes were located in the White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR), Arkansas and two impaired lakes, according to the US Environmental Agency Sect. 303 (d) Clean Water Act...

Socio-hydrology is the science of human influence on hydrology and the influence of the water cycle on human social systems. This newly emerging discipline inherently involves a historic perspective, often focusing on timescales of several centuries. While data on human history is typically available for this time frame, gathering information on the hydrological situation during such a period c...