Multiple sclerosis (MS) has entered an era of immunomodulatory drug treatment, the impact of which on long-term disease progression remains controversial. The increasing use of these therapies has intensified our need to understand the true natural history of MS. The MS community is poised to establish whether the immunomodulatory drugs exhibit long-term benefits, with a suitable untreated natu...

Dear Editor, In pharmacy, professionalism must containthe skills necessary to be a capable pharmacypractitioner. It seems that pharmacy studentsdo not become professionals after graduationfrom the pharmacy school. To be a professionalpharmacist, students should have a lifelongcommitment to the society and patients.Evolving professional knowledge, attitudesand behaviors is a critical step in pro...

OBJECTIVES Pharmacist-managed collaborative services in a family practice setting are described, and diabetes and hypertension outcomes are assessed. METHODS Pharmacist-managed clinics, pharmacotherapy consultations, and drug information services are provided for a medically underserved, predominantly African American population. A pharmacy residency director, an ambulatory care pharmacy resi...

Rare kidney diseases are a unique subset of renal disorders that are often termed 'orphan' as a result of a multitude of reasons: the small number of patients with the consequent lack of well-defined natural history and course of many of these diseases, limited awareness among the medical community, and finally the significant cost of developing novel therapeutics which makes many of these dise...

OBJECTIVE Antibiotic resistance is a prominent public and global health concern. We investigated antibiotic use in children by determining the proportion of unselected children with antibacterial activity in their urine attending a paediatric outpatient department in Siem Reap, Cambodia. METHODS Caregiver reports of medication history and presence of possible infection symptoms were collected...

abstractthe present study aimed to evaluate pharmacy practice regarding dietary supplements in tehran (i.r. iran). so, the factors affecting on pharmacists' practice including their knowledge, attitude, and some underlying factors were evaluated. this is an observational knowledge; attitude and practice (kap) study. the unit of analysis include community pharmacies located in tehran. the d...

introduction: internal assessment is a part of accreditation process to improve the educational quality through academic members’ cooperation. this study aimed to determine the status of pharmacy curriculum through in isfahan school of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences (within 2008-2009) applying the internal assessment process. methods: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study. firstly, ...

The aim of this study was to provide a clinical pharmacy education program at Masih Daneshvari hospital, a University affiliated hospital, located in Tehran, Iran. For this purpose, the most common pharmacist involved interventions and aspects of potential fields for pharmacy students and residents education was firstly identified. Clinical pharmacy interventions and drug information forms wer...