Leaf development in higher plants requires the specification of leaf initials at the flanks of a pluripotent structure termed the shoot apical meristem. In Arabidopsis, this process is facilitated by negative interactions between class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) and ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) transcription factors, such that KNOX proteins are confined to the meristem and AS1 to leaf initials...

Recent findings indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were dysregulated in many kinds of tumors including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 was found to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lung cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while its clinical value and pote...

We thank Blanco et al. (1) for their letter on our article, which confirmed theutility ofhigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a clinical biomarker to discriminate patients with HNF1A-MODY from patients with type 2 diabetes (2). We agree with the authors that the discrimination between HNF1A-MODY and type 2 diabetes is likely to be enhanced by elevated levels of hs-CRP in type 2 diabe...

BACKGROUND There is considerable interest in the hypothesis that low frequency, intermediate penetrance variants contribute to the proportion of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) susceptibility not attributable to the common variants uncovered through genome-wide association approaches. Genes previously implicated in monogenic and multifactorial forms of diabetes are obvious candidates in this respect. In ...

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Oji-Cree of northwestern Ontario is the third highest in the world. A private mutation, G319S, in HNF1A, which encodes hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha), was associated with Oji-Cree type 2 diabetes and was found in approximately 40% of affected subjects. The G319S mutation reduced the in vitro ability of HNF-1alpha to activate transcri...

Amounts of alphas1-casein (as1-CN), protein, fat, SNF and total solids were measured in 125 goat milk samples. Coagulation time, coagulation rate and curd ®rmness were measured in 75 goat milk samples by dynamic mechanical analysis using a Bohlin VOR Rheometer. After adjustments were made for month, time of milk collection and animal age, it was con®rmed that goat milk with high percent total s...

Abstract Objectives Improved molecular testing for common somatic mutations and identification of mRNA microRNA expression classifiers have emerged as the most promising approaches diagnosis thyroid nodules. However, it is necessary to effectively increase diagnostic accuracy further. Currently, lncRNA research has moved forefront human cancer research, recent findings revealed a crucial role l...

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in various biological processes. Our previous work has revealed that dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells contributes to the pathology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Herein, we show roles of lncRNAs in RPE differentiation. We used microarray to identify lncRNA expression profiles in human induced pluripotent s...

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare form monogeneic that classically presents as non-insulin requiring with evidence autosomal dominant inheritance in individuals who are typically and lean. However, these criteria do not capture all cases can also overlap other types diabetes. The hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1A) mutation common cause MODY highly sensitive to sulphon...