BACKGROUND Irregular bleeding is one of the most common side effects of hormonal contraception and a key reason for the discontinuation of hormonal methods. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative study in which 12 young women volunteered to be interviewed in depth, along with six focus group discussions (23 participants). The study had two main research objectives: to document and investigate what young ...

Publication of the article by Skovlund et al. ‘Association of hormonal contraception with depression’ [1] has produced a strong media reaction in several countries, with recent headlines like those in the German magazines Gala ‘Finally proven: the Pill causes depression’ and Brigitte ‘Danish scientists show the Pill increases the risk of depression in young women by 80%’. Although the article’s...

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Under fasting conditions, metazoans maintain energy balance by shifting from glucose to fat burning. In the fasted state, SIRT1 promotes catabolic gene expression by deacetylating the forkhead factor FOXO in response to stress and nutrient deprivation. The mechanisms by which hormonal signals regulate FOXO deacetylation remain unclear, however. We identified a hormone-dependent module, consisti...

Seed dormancy provides a mechanism for plants to delay germination until conditions are optimal for survival of the next generation. Dormancy release is regulated by a combination of environmental and endogenous signals with both synergistic and competing effects. Molecular studies of dormancy have correlated changes in transcriptomes, proteomes, and hormone levels with dormancy states ranging ...

Sleep and energy balance are essential for health. The two processes act in concert to regulate central and peripheral homeostasis. During sleep, energy is conserved due to suspended activity, movement, and sensory responses, and is redirected to restore and replenish proteins and their assemblies into cellular structures. During wakefulness, various energy-demanding activities lead to hunger. ...

Several factors including hormonal and essential elements imbalance have been identified as possible causes of secondary infertility. While some studies suggested that zinc may the potential reversing sub-fertility states, dynamics such impact is yet to be fully elucidated. This study evaluated outcome experimental Zn supplementation in ameliorating infertility induced infertile Wister rats. A ...

background: tissue injuries may provoke neuro-hormonal response which in turn may lead to release of inflammatory cytokines. we hypothesize that block of afferent sensory pathways by infiltration of 0.5% bupivacaine in the scalp may decrease neuro-hormonal response in the neurosurgical patient. methods: after obtaining informed consent, forty asa physical statuses i, ii, or iii patients between...

Leptin, a hormone synthesized by fat tissue had been noted to regulate energy balance and metabolism and thus to influence body weight. The influence of acute exercise and chronic exercise training on circulating leptin and its relationship with hormonal and metabolic changes that induce energy balance are presented. Research that has examined the influence of exercise under various experimenta...

We investigated the effect of abomasally infused aspartate (Asp) on N balance and plasma amino acids in steers. Four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (180 kg) housed in metabolism crates were used in an experiment designed as a 4 x 3 Youden square. Steers received continuous abomasal infusions of water or water containing 40 or 80 g Asp/d. Steers were fed twice daily a diet containing 473 g...