Analyzing spatiotemporal characteristics of the historical urbanization process is essential in understanding the dynamics of urbanization and scientifically planned urban development. Based on historical urban area maps and remote sensing images, this study examined the urban expansion of Shenyang from 1910 to 2010 using area statistics, typology identification, and landscape metrics approache...

Based on model and ab initio calculations we discuss the effect of resonant interface states on the conductance of epitaxial tunnel junctions. In particular we show that the ‘‘hot spots’’ found by several groups in ab initio calculations of symmetrical barriers of the ki-resolved conductance can be explained by the formation of bonding and antibonding hybrids between the interface states on bot...

In order to clarify the comfort temperature and to investigate the behavioral adaptation in Japanese houses, we have conducted a thermal comfort survey and occupant behavior survey in 30 living rooms during the hot and humid season in the Kanto region of Japan. We collected 3991 votes from 52 subjects. The comfort temperature was predicted by Griffiths’ method. They are analyzed according to hu...

Iran Central Plateau encompasses a large proportion of this country. The weather in these flat plains is warm and arid with very little precipitation. Different attempts in architecture have been done to alleviate the weather severity of this area and create a living place compatible with humans’ comfort criteria. Investigations have showed that some of the most successful approaches in traditi...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a disease with high disabling disorders and considerable social and economic impacts. this study was conducted to analyze the spatial distribution of ms disease in tehran, iran during 2001-2012.the existing information in the ms patients' medical files who had registered in iranian ms society (imss), located in tehran office, was used for analysis. the relationship be...

Groundbased radio observations indicate that Jupiter’s ammonia is globally depleted from 0.6 bars to at least 4–6 bars relative to the deep abundance of ∼ 3 times solar, a fact that has so far defied explanation. The observations also indicate that (i) the depletion is greater in belts than zones, and (ii) the greatest depletion occurs within Jupiter’s local 5-μm hot spots, which have recently ...

Plates of 3–5 mm in thickness were extracted from an AZ91D ingot and then butt joints of the plates were produced using tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding method. The TIG arc was also used to deposit welding beads on some of the thin plates. No cracking was found in the butt joints. However, hot cracking was always observed to propagate from the heat affected zone (HAZ) under the welding bead int...