Despite the interest in developing improved formulas for intraocular lens power calculation, there are several sources of uncertainty that may well give rise to a significant residual refractive error. Those concerning the estimation of the corneal power are reviewed. In addition, we explore the possibility of introducing changes in some unconventional parameters of the eye to compensate for de...

Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine that originated over three millennia ago in the South Asian region, offers extensive insights about food and health based on certain unique conceptual as well as theoretical positions. Health is defined as a state of equilibrium with one's self (svasthya) but which is inextricably linked to the environment. Ayurvedic principles, such as the tridosa (th...

One of the main pleasures of contemporary life is the observation of realistic acting-in dramatic theatre, television comedies, award-winning movies, and pornography. However, realistic acting is relatively new; before the early 20th century, performance was highly stylized, closer to what we would think of as pretense or oration [1]. What goes on in the process of realistic acting? And why do ...

PURPOSE To investigate the use of topically applied FK506, a new immunosuppressive compound, systemic and ocular absorption was determined in serum and various ocular tissues. METHODS Two drops of 20 microliters FK506 were applied using oil dissolved (OD-FK506) or liposome-bound (LIP-FK506) drug. FK506 concentrations were measured at intervals of 30, 60, and 120 minutes by immunoassay. RESU...

New Zealand white female rabbits injected with 6 X 10(7) to 5.5 X 10(8) CFU of Cryptococcus neoformans into the right carotid artery developed three types of clinically detectable eye lesions. These eye manifestations included: (1) iritis that had distinctive 1-3 mm white nodules; (2) white vitreous lesions with ill-defined borders, and (3) focal and diffusely infiltrative lesions of the optic ...

PURPOSE To determine whether the capacity to induce ACAID by antigen injection into the anterior chamber is altered in animals with genetically determined retinal degeneration and increased age. METHODS Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) induced by injection of ovalbumin into the anterior chamber of the eye was studied in three rodent strains with different forms of heredita...

Lactic acid is found in the aqueous humor at a concentration higher than that in the blood. The processes which determine this distribution have been investigated in the rabbit. After parenteral injection of isotopically labeled lactate, samples of intraocular fluids and plasma were taken and analyzed for radioactivity. It was found that lactate entered the posterior aqueous fairly rapidly from...

The Snehana (internal oleation) is a major preparatory procedure to be performed before Śodhana (purification). The entire procedure of Śodhana (purification), depends upon the proper mobilization of humors (Doshas) from the periphery (Śākhā) which is to be achieved with the help of Snehana (Oleation) and Svedana (Sudation therapy). Currently physicians practice purificatory internal oleation (...

words text) summarize findings that are of interest to a relatively limited audience. Readers desiring fuller details may obtain them by writing directly to the author(s) at the address given. Briefs dealing with procedure or instrumentation intercomparisons, evaluations, or improvements (including kit applications) should be sent to When post-mortem plasma and vitreous humor from infants, nega...

First identified by the Egyptians in 2640 BC, podagra (acute gout occurring in the first metatarsophalangeal joint) was later recognized by Hippocrates in the fifth century BC, who referred to it as 'the unwalkable disease'. The term is derived from the Latin word gutta (or 'drop'), and referred to the prevailing medieval belief that an excess of one of the four 'humors'--which in equilibrium w...