A group of neurons with the characteristics of dentate gyrus granule cells was found at the hilar/CA3 border several weeks after pilocarpine- or kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Intracellular recordings from pilocarpine-treated rats showed that these "granule-like" neurons were similar to normal granule cells (i. e., those in the granule cell layer) in membrane properties, firing behavio...

Information sources provide us with granules of information that must be transformed, analyzed and built into structures that support problem solving. One of the main goals of information granule calculi is to develop algorithmic methods for construction of complex information granules from elementary ones by means of available operations and inclusion (closeness) measures. These constructed co...

The behavior of granule cells in mature cerebellar cultures derived from newborn mice was studied by light and electron microscopy. Many granule cells remained in the explants as an external granular layer . These cells were differentiated, as evidenced by formation of bundles of parallel fibers and by development of synapses between granule cell axons and Purkinje cell branchlet spines, and be...

Primary culture of postnatal cerebellar granule cells provides a model system that recapitulates many molecular events of developing granule cells in vivo. Depolarization of cultured granule cells increases intracellular Ca(2+) and activates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent calcineurin (CaN) phosphatase. This Ca(2+) signaling mimics some of the signaling events for proliferation, migration, and diff...

Hippocampal granule cells are important relay stations that transfer information from the entorhinal cortex into the hippocampus proper. This process is critically determined by the integrative properties of granule cell dendrites. However, their small diameter has so far hampered efforts to examine their properties directly. Using a combination of dual somatodendritic patch-clamp recordings an...