The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+])i of astrocytes within rat hippocampal slices was measured during simultaneous hypoxia and hypoglycemia to examine the early intracellular signaling events induced by this in vitro model of ischemia. Hypoxia-hypoglycemia for 3.3-7.5 min evoked [Ca2+]i increases in astrocytes iontophoretically loaded with calcium orange (11/14 slices; 2.5 min to pe...

We explored the role of mTOR/autophagy pathway in the aggravation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion nerve injury caused by intermittent hypoxia. Eighty male wistar rats were divided into four groups by the random number method: sham operation group (SO group, n=20), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group, n=20), intermittent hypoxia and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (IH+I/R group, ...

1001 May 2013 A D VA N C E M E N T S in the field of anesthesia have led to significant improvements in our monitoring capabilities, safer anesthetic drugs, and improved pain control. Despite this remarkable progress, acute organ injury remains one of the leading causes for morbidity and mortality in surgical patients. Patients who require a major surgical intervention—such as cardiothoracic, v...

Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common health problem and occurs in approximately 16 in 1000 term infants every year. After the initial hypoxic ischemic insult, brain injury evolves for days and possibly even weeks. The severity of the injury depends on the gestational age and duration of the insult. The exact underlying mechanisms of neonatal HIE remain undefined and many d...

In this article, the role of hypothermia and neuroprotection for neonatal encephalopathy will be discussed. The incidence of encephalopathy due to hypoxia ischemia as well as the pathophysiology will be presented. The diagnosis of encephalopathy in full-term neonates will be discussed. The current management of brain injury that occurs with hypoxia ischemia and the role of hypothermia in preven...

Through in vitro experiments, the paper investigated whether Lycopene can mitigate cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, and further explored underlying mechanism works by inhibiting opening of MPTP.A hypoxia-reoxygenation model was established. CCK8 employed to determine viability H9c2 cardiomyocytes. LDH used degree damage Trypan blue staining applied survival rate Flow cytometry apoptosis Rho...

A mismatch between cerebral oxygen supply and demand can lead to cerebral hypoxia/ischemia and deleterious outcomes. Cerebral oxygenation monitoring is an important aspect of multimodality neuromonitoring. It is increasingly deployed whenever intracranial pressure monitoring is indicated. Although there is a large body of evidence demonstrating an association between cerebral hypoxia/ischemia a...

• In the vagotomized dog with deafferented peripheral chemoreceptors, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or ischemia of the central nervous system provokes reflex, positive chronotropic and inotropic effects upon the normally oxygenated heart. Bradycardia and depression of myocardial contractility are considered to be the primary reflex effects upon the canine heart elicited by stimulation of the chemorecep...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We examined the influence of concurrent moderate hypothermia (30 degrees C) and transient forebrain ischemia on the induction of 72-kDa heat-shock protein and neuronal damage in male Wistar rats. SUMMARY OF REPORT Experimental groups included: normothermic with 8 minutes of transient forebrain ischemia (group 1, n = 7), hypothermic without ischemia (group 2, n = 9), and...

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays an important role in regulating gene expression in response to ischemia. Although activation of HIF-1 in muscle tissue was found during ischemia in vivo, the meaning and mechanisms in isolated cells are still incompletely understood. We studied activation of HIF-1 in skeletal muscle cells cultured in either their undifferentiated myoblast state or differenti...