1Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisoĺıa”, Fundación Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria (FISABIO), 90 Gaspar Aguilar Avenida, 46017 Valencia, Spain 2Ophthalmology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 15 Blasco Ibañez Avenida, 46010 Valencia, Spain 3Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Pathology OFTARED, Institute of Health Carlos III, 4 Sin...

  The diagnosis of functional constipation (FC) is usually straightforward. Almost 95% of childhood constipation is functional in nature. The remaining 5% can be attributed to wide variety of conditions. Many of these etiologies are obvious by history and examination and many have other specific symptoms besides constipation. It is especially important to look for presence of any symptoms or si...

Author details Viral Hepatitis Unit, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. Epidemiology Unit, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. Center for Immunobiologicals Resea...

Antonio Carbone , Giovanni Palleschi , Giulio Tomiselli , Maurizio Inghilleri , Rocco Rago , Andrea Lenzi , Antonio Luigi Pastore * Neuro-Urology Unit, University of Rome ‘‘La Sapienza’’ Polo Pontino, Rome, Italy Department of Neurosciences, University of Rome ‘‘La Sapienza’’, Rome, Italy Andrology Unit, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy Department of Endocrinology, University of Rome ‘‘...

tura, and seminar participants for helpful comments. We thank Michele Cavallo and Andrew Ti±n for excellent research assistance. Giancarlo Corsetti acknowledges ¯nancial support from MURST. Paolo Pesenti thanks the University of Rome III for warm hospitality and support. paper tiger: a Chinese expression ¯rst used by Chairman Mao, a person, country, etc., that appears outwardly powerful or impo...

In December 2004, when the 28 chairs and co-chairs of the Rome III committees convened, part of the agenda pertained to whether the designation "Functional GI Disorders (FGID)" should be abandoned. Although many recognized the negative connotations attributed to the term, there was no consensus on an alternate designation. Eventually, a referendum of all 90 committee members led to a decision t...