INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION TESTING (IIT), also known as depth-sensing indentation, continuous-recording indentation, ultra-low-load indentation, and nanoindentation, is a relatively new form of mechanical testing that significantly expands on the capabilities of traditional hardness testing. Developed largely over the past two decades, IIT employs high-resolution instrumentation to continuously c...

In TREC-8, we participated in the automatic and manual tracks for category A as well as the small web track. This year, we focussed on improving our baseline and then introduced some experimental improvements. Our automatic runs used relevance feedback with a high-precision first pass to select terms and then a high-recall final pass. For manual runs, we used predefined concept lists focussing ...

Introduction A mediator sits between a user and a variety of data sources. It acts on behalf of the user to provide “one stop shopping” to an organization’s data. An intranet, or digital library, is an excellent example of the need for a mediator because of the myriad of data types that exist in the digital library. A user query such as “What are the three best restaurants in Chicago?” should n...

Niroz Abu-Saleh, Hoda Awad, Mogher Khamaisi, Zaher Armaly, Tony Karram, Samuel N. Heyman, Aviva Kaballa, Takaharu Ichimura, James Holman, and Zaid Abassi Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, IIT, Haifa, Israel; Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and Internal Medicine C, Technion, IIT, Haifa, Israel; Department of Vascular Surgery, Rambam Heal...

These are the notes prepared for the course MTH 405 to be offered to graduate students at IIT Kanpur.

Interpretation bias and inflexibility have been implicated in a wide range of psychopathologies, including affective disorders involving persecutory ideation. Existing tasks that measure both interpretation (which is essential as can make individuals appear inflexible) rely heavily on verbal stimuli, which may be suboptimal for certain applications, neuroimaging developmental studies. To overco...

Economists conventionally assume that intraindustry trade (IIT) entails relatively smoothfactor-market adjustment to trade liberalisation. However, the appropriate definition of IIT inthe adjustment context continues to be a matter of debate. A consensus is emerging that, in thecontext of adjustment, one should use measures that are based on marginal IIT, and a range ofmeasu...

The science of consciousness has made great strides by focusing on the behavioral and neuronal correlates of experience. However, correlates are not enough if we are to understand even basic neurological fact; nor are they of much help in cases where we would like to know if consciousness is present: patients with a few remaining islands of functioning cortex, pre-term infants, non-mammalian sp...

The integrated information theory (IIT) proposes a quantitative measure, denoted as Φ, of the amount of integrated information in a physical system, which is postulated to have an identity relationship with consciousness. IIT predicts that the value of Φ estimated from brain activities represents the level of consciousness across phylogeny and functional states. Practical limitations, such as t...

Consciousness results from three mechanisms: representation by firing patterns in neural populations, binding of representations into more complex representations called semantic pointers, and competition among semantic pointers to capture the most important aspects of an organism's current state. We contrast the semantic pointer competition (SPC) theory of consciousness with the hypothesis tha...